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**Infection via inhalation, wounds or teat canal; also ingestion
**Infection via inhalation, wounds or teat canal; also ingestion
**Causes granulomatous lesions in animals
**Causes granulomatous lesions in animals
**Canine nocardiosis: cutaneous pyogranulomas; [[Peritoneal cavity - inflammatory#In dogs|peritonitis]]; [[Bacterial infections#Nocardiosis|pleuritis]] and pyothorax; disseminated lesions
**Canine nocardiosis:
***Thoracic, cutaneous and disseminated forms
***Cutaneous pyogranulomas: ulcers or granulomatous swellings with discharging fistulae
***[[Peritoneal cavity - inflammatory#In dogs|peritonitis]]
***[[Bacterial infections#Nocardiosis|pleuritis]] and pyothorax with fever, anorexia and respiratory distress
***Disseminated lesions
***Treat with appropriate systemic antibiotics for 6 weeks
**Cattle: chronic mastitis; abortion
**Cattle: chronic mastitis; abortion
**Pigs: abortion
**Pigs: abortion
**Superoxide dismutase and catalase as well as a thick peptidoglycan wall prevent activity of phagocytes
**Superoxide dismutase and catalase as well as a thick peptidoglycan wall prevent activity of phagocytes
**Chronic, progressive disease
**Chronic, progressive disease
**Positive modified Ziehl-Neelson
**Culture on blood agar and incubate under aerobic conditions at 37 degrees centigrade for 10 days
**White, powdery colonies, adherent to the agar appear after 5 days
**Subculture onto Sabouraud dextrose agar yields wrinkled, orange colonies
**Lesions difficult to treat due to resistance of organisms to many antimicrobials (e.g. penicillins)
**Lesions difficult to treat due to resistance of organisms to many antimicrobials (e.g. penicillins)
**Cell-mediated immunity required
**Cell-mediated immunity required
*''Nocardia farcinica'' causes bovine farcy
*''Nocardia farcinica'' causes bovine farcy, a chronic infection of superficial lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes