Line 1: |
Line 1: |
− | {{review}} | + | {{OpenPagesTop}} |
− | <p>''Shortened to IgE''</p>
| + | ==Overview== |
− | [[Image:LH IgE.png|thumb|150px|right|'''IgE''']] | + | [[Image:LH IgE.png|thumb|250px|right|'''IgE''']] |
− | [[Image:IgE.jpg|thumb|right|150px|IgE - B. Catchpole, RVC 2008]] | + | [[Image:IgE.jpg|thumb|right|250px|IgE - B. Catchpole, RVC 2008]] |
− | <p>Unlike [[IgM]], [[IgG]] and [[IgA]], IgE does not function as a soluble antibody and is found in low levels in blood plasma. Like [[IgA]] it is produced by plasma cells and is mainly localised to mucosal surfaces.</p>
| + | |
| + | Commonly referred to as ''IgE''. |
| + | |
| + | Unlike [[IgM]], [[IgG]] and [[IgA]], IgE does not function as a soluble antibody, with binding to Fcε receptors required before it can bind to the target antigen, and is found in low levels in blood plasma. Like [[IgA]], it is produced by [[B cell differentiation|plasma cells]] and is mainly localised to mucosal surfaces. |
| + | |
| ==Structure== | | ==Structure== |
− | <p>IgE is Y-shaped with heavy chain type ε, and exists as a monomer.</p>
| + | |
− | ''Note: Janeway <ref>{{citation|initiallast = Janeway|initialfirst = C.A|2last = Travers|2first = P|3last = Walport|3first = M|finallast = Shlomchik|finalfirst = M.J|year = 2005|title = Immunobiology: The immune system in health and disease|ed = 6th |city = New York|pub = Garland Science Publishing|range = 156-157}}</ref> states that IgE has no hinge region whereas Tizard <ref>{{citation|initiallast = Tizard|initialfirst = I.R|year = 2004|title = Veterinary Immunology: An Introduction|ed = 7th|city = Philadelphia|pub = Saunders|range = 148-149}}</ref> indicates that it does. | + | IgE is Y-shaped with heavy chain type ε, and exists as a monomer. |
| + | |
| + | ''Note: Janeway <ref>{{citation|initiallast = Janeway|initialfirst = C.A|2last = Travers|2first = P|3last = Walport|3first = M|finallast = Shlomchik|finalfirst = M.J|year = 2005|title = Immunobiology: The immune system in health and disease|ed = 6th |city = New York|pub = Garland Science Publishing|range = 156-157}}</ref> states that IgE has no hinge region whereas Tizard <ref>{{citation|initiallast = Tizard|initialfirst = I.R|year = 2004|title = Veterinary Immunology: An Introduction|ed = 7th|city = Philadelphia|pub = Saunders|range = 148-149}}</ref> indicates that it does.'' |
| + | |
| ==Production== | | ==Production== |
− | <p>It is produced when Th2 cells stimulate CD40 and produce Il-4 and Il-13 which causes B cell differentiation to plasma cells and class switching to IgE production.</p>
| + | |
| + | It is produced when T<sub>H</sub>2 cells stimulate CD40 and produce IL-4 and IL-13, which causes B cell differentiation to plasma cells and class switching to IgE production. |
| + | |
| ==Function== | | ==Function== |
− | <p>
| + | |
− | *IgE triggers acute inflammation by binding to the FCεRI receptors on mast cells in the lamina propria and basophils, causing degranulation
| + | IgE triggers acute inflammation by binding to the FCεRI receptors on mast cells in the lamina propria and [[Basophils|basophils]], causing degranulation when bound to target. It is involved in [[Type I Hypersensitivity|type I hypersensitivity reactions]]. Cross-linking of IgE molecules by antigens, triggers [[Mast Cells|mast cell]] and [[Eosinophil|eosinophil]] degranulation and an inflammatory response. IgE has considerable involvement in producing [[Immunity to Parasites|immunity to parasitic worms]], particularly [[:Category:Nematodes|nematode]] parasites. It may mediate their expulsion or killing via mast cell activity, cytotoxic [[Eosinophils|eosinophils]], [[Macrophages|macrophages]], and so on. |
− | *It is involved in type I hypersensitivity reactions
| + | |
− | *Cross-linking of IgE molecules by antigen triggers mast cell degranulation and an inflammatory response</p>
| |
− | <p>
| |
− | *IgE has considerable involvement in producing immunity to parasitic worms and particularly nematode parasites
| |
− | **It may mediate their expulsion or killing via mast cell activity, cytotoxic eosinophils, macrophages, and so on</p>
| |
| ==References== | | ==References== |
| <references /> | | <references /> |
| <br> | | <br> |
− | ----
| + | |
− | <center><b><sup>[[Immunoglobulins|Immunoglobulins]]: [[Immunoglobulin A|Immunoglobulin A]], [[Immunoglobulin D|Immunoglobulin D]], [[Immunoglobulin E|Immunoglobulin E]], [[Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin G]] & [[Immunoglobulin M|Immunoglobulin M]]</sup></b></center>
| + | ==Links== |
| + | |
| + | [[Immunoglobulins|Immunoglobulins]] |
| + | |
| + | [[Immunoglobulin A|Immunoglobulin A]] |
| + | |
| + | [[Immunoglobulin D|Immunoglobulin D]] |
| + | |
| + | [[Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin G]] |
| + | |
| + | [[Immunoglobulin M|Immunoglobulin M]] |
| + | <br><br> |
| + | {{Jim Bee 2007}} |
| + | |
| + | {{OpenPages}} |
| + | [[Category:Immunoglobulins]] |
| + | [[Category:A&P Done]] |