Changes

== Introduction ==

== Introduction ==

* At the onset of pro-oestrus, large numbers of erythrocytes are present.

* At the onset of pro-oestrus, large numbers of erythrocytes are present.

* When true oestrus occurs, the nuber of erythrocytes is reduced, and the smear consists of superficial cells from the stratified squamous epithelium. Such cells include:

* When true oestrus occurs, the number of erythrocytes is reduced, and the smear consists of superficial cells from the stratified squamous epithelium. Such cells include:

** Anuclear cells

** Anuclear cells

** Cells with pyknotic nuclei

** Cells with pyknotic nuclei

** Nucleated basal of the stratified squamous epithelium

** Nucleated basal of the stratified squamous epithelium

** Intermediate cells of the stratified squamous epithelium  

** Intermediate cells of the stratified squamous epithelium  

** Few neutrophils

** Few [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]]

 

 

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* Stratum corneum and the layers immediately beneath it are lost by desquamation during pro-oestrus and oestrus.  This leaves low squamous epithelium, which becomes converted to columnar epithelium 1-3 weeks after the end of oestrus.

* Stratum corneum and the layers immediately beneath it are lost by desquamation during pro-oestrus and oestrus.  This leaves low squamous epithelium, which becomes converted to columnar epithelium 1-3 weeks after the end of oestrus.

* Metoestrus and pregnancy: high columnar, higher than during anoestrus.

* Metoestrus and pregnancy: high columnar, higher than during anoestrus.

* During pro-oestrus, oestrus and early metoestrus, the epithelium and lamina propria are infiltrated with large numbers of neutrophils, which eventually escape into the vaginal lumen.

* During pro-oestrus, oestrus and early metoestrus, the epithelium and lamina propria are infiltrated with large numbers of [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]], which eventually escape into the vaginal lumen.