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− | <big><center>[[Reproductive System|'''BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM''']]</center></big>
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− | <big><center>[[Reproductive_System#Reproductive_Technologies|'''BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES''']]</center></big>
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| == Introduction == | | == Introduction == |
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| + | Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer has been commercially available since the 1970s, but not widely used because it requires a highly skilled team. |
| == Synchronization of Recipients with the Donor == | | == Synchronization of Recipients with the Donor == |
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− | * GOAL: To synchronize the donor and recipient to be in the same stage of the [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-Oestrous_Cycle_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|oestrous cycle]]. | + | * GOAL: To synchronize the donor and recipient to be in the same stage of the [[Oestrous Cycle - Anatomy & Physiology|oestrous cycle]]. |
− | * REASON: To prepare the [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Uterus_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|uterus]] of the recipient to support [[Fertilisation%2C_Implantation_and_Early_Embryonic_Development_-Embryonic_Development_of_the_Blastocyst-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|preattachment embryogenesis]]. | + | * REASON: To prepare the [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|uterus]] of the recipient to support [[Blastocyst Embryonic Development - Anatomy & Physiology|preattachment embryogenesis]]. |
| * HOW: Treat recipient with a hormonal regime that induces oestrus to occur at the same time as the donor. | | * HOW: Treat recipient with a hormonal regime that induces oestrus to occur at the same time as the donor. |
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| == Superovulation of the Donor == | | == Superovulation of the Donor == |
− | | + | * GOAL: To hyperstimulate [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovaries]] with gonadotrophins. |
| + | * REASON: To provide higher than normal numbers of [[Follicles - Anatomy & Physiology|follicles]] that reach dominance and [[Ovulation - Anatomy & Physiology|ovulate]]. |
| + | * HOW: Inject donor with gonadotrophins to hyperstimulate follicular development. Generally '''FSH''' or one of its analogs is used. |
| == Inseminating the Donor == | | == Inseminating the Donor == |
| + | * GOAL: Inseminate donor with semen from genetically superior bulls. To generate the best [[Fertilisation - Anatomy & Physiology|fertilisation]] rates and genetic combinations possible. |
| + | * REASON: Enhance rate of genetic progress. |
| + | * HOW: Use highly fertile semen and well-trained, experienced inseminators. |
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| == Recovery and Identification of Viable Embryos == | | == Recovery and Identification of Viable Embryos == |
| + | * GOAL: To nonsurgically collect (flush) embryos from the donor to transfer. |
| + | * REASON: To recover viable embryos. |
| + | * HOW: |
| + | ** Before the procedure is started, a local anaesthetic is injected to cause relaxation of the [[Rectum_- Anatomy & Physiology|rectum]]. |
| + | ** At day 6-8 a specialized catheter has a small balloon that can be inflated to prevent retrogade flow of the flushing medium. |
| + | ** A flushing medium is then introduced into the [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|uterus]], lavaged and returned through the catheter to a collection vessel. |
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| == Transfer of Viable Embryos into Synchronised Recipients == | | == Transfer of Viable Embryos into Synchronised Recipients == |
| + | * GOAL: To deposit a potentially viable embryo into the uterine horn of each recipient. |
| + | * REASON: To achieve pregnancy in each recipient. |
| + | * HOW: |
| + | ** Both donor and recipient have a [[Corpus Luteum - Anatomy & Physiology|corpus luteum]] at similar stages of leutinization. |
| + | ** [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|Uterine environment]] in the donor and recipient are quite similar. |
| + | ** A single embryo is placed into the uterine horn using a transfer pipette. |
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| + | [[Category:Reproductive Technologies]] |
| + | [[Category:Bullet Points]] |