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Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Nephron Summary Table - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 14:25, 5 July 2012
, 14:25, 5 July 2012no edit summary
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'''<center>[[Media:A_Summary_Table_of_Reabsorption_and_Secretion_Along_the_Nephron_-_Anatomy_&_Physiology.pdf| Printable Version]]</center>'''
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<TABLE CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="2" WIDTH="100%">
<TABLE CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="2" WIDTH="100%">
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology#Sodium|Link to Article]]</TD>
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology#Sodium|Link to Article]]</TD>
<TD>The reabsorption of sodium in the distal tubule is under the influence of two hormones:
<TD>The reabsorption of sodium in the distal tubule is under the influence of two hormones:
*Atrial natriuretic peptide - inhibits sodium reuptake
*[[Atrial Natriuretic Peptide|Atrial natriuretic peptide]] - inhibits sodium reuptake
*Aldosterone promotes sodium reuptake</TD>
*[[Aldosterone]] promotes sodium reuptake</TD>
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*Potassium is on the whole excreted from the '''principal cells of the collecting duct
*Potassium is on the whole excreted from the '''principal cells of the collecting duct
**This occurs via the paracellular route and via ion channels
**This occurs via the paracellular route and via ion channels
** The gradient for the loss via the ion channels is maintained by the sodium/pottasium ATPase in the basolateral membrane
** The gradient for the loss via the ion channels is maintained by the sodium/potassium ATPase in the basolateral membrane
*The '''intercalated cells''' of the collecting suct absorb potassium using a potassium/hydrogen antiporter
*The '''intercalated cells''' of the collecting duct absorb potassium using a potassium/hydrogen antiporter
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology#Potassium|Link to Article]]</TD>
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology#Potassium|Link to Article]]</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6">
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6">
[[Aldosterone]] acts of the sodium/potassium ATPase in the principal cells of the collecting duct increase potassium excretion.</TD>
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<TR>
*Freely diffuses from the collecting duct into the medullary interstitium
*Freely diffuses from the collecting duct into the medullary interstitium
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology#Urea|Link to Article]]</TD>
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology#Urea|Link to Article]]</TD>
<TD>ADH makes the collecting duct more permeable to Urea</TD>
<TD>[[Pituitary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology #Posterior Pituitary Gland| ADH]] makes the collecting duct more permeable to Urea</TD>
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<TR>
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<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6">'''Water'''</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6">'''H<sup>+</sup> and HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>'''</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6"></TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6">
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6"></TD>
* The secretion of H<sup>+</sup> in this section of the nephron is mainly a result of the Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporter in the apical membrane using secondary active transport.
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6"></TD>
*HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> is reabsorbed here in a different way to other substances. The presence of hydrogen in the lumen causes some amount of it to dissociate to carbon dioxide and water via the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. These enter the epithelial cells where they are reformed using the same enzyme. The HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> then leaves the cell using the basolateral 3HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> symporter.
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6"></TD>
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology#The Secretion of H+ and the Reabsorption of HCO3-|Link to Article]]</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6"><center>N/A</center></TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6">
*Hydrogen is excreted in the collecting ducts both in exchange for potassium and on its own using an ATPase.
*Bicarbonate is reabsorbed.
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology#H+ and HCO3-|Link to Article]]</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6"><center>N/A</center></TD>
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<TR>
*It is reabsorbed using a symporter with sodium via secondary active transport
*It is reabsorbed using a symporter with sodium via secondary active transport
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology#Glucose|Link to Article]]</TD>
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology#Glucose|Link to Article]]</TD>
<TD>N/A</TD>
<TD><center>N/A</center></TD>
<TD>N/A</TD>
<TD><center>N/A</center></TD>
<TD>N/A</TD>
<TD><center>N/A</center></TD>
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*Is reabsorbed via endocytosis
*Is reabsorbed via endocytosis
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology#Protein|Link to Article]]</TD>
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology#Protein|Link to Article]]</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6">N/A</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6"><center>N/A</center></TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6">N/A</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6"><center>N/A</center></TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6">N/A</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6"><center>N/A</center></TD>
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<TR>
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Loop of Henle - Anatomy & Physiology#Transport|Link to Article]]</TD>
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Loop of Henle - Anatomy & Physiology#Transport|Link to Article]]</TD>
<TD>The regulation of how much calcium is reabsorbed occurs in the athe distal tubule and collecting ducts.</TD>
<TD>The regulation of how much calcium is reabsorbed occurs in the athe distal tubule and collecting ducts.</TD>
<TD>[[Calcium Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology #Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)| Parathyroid hormone]] stimulates reabsorption.</TD>
<TD>[[Calcium #Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)| Parathyroid hormone]] stimulates reabsorption.</TD>
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<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6">'''H<sup>+</sup> and HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>'''</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6">'''Organic Acids and Bases'''</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6">
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6">
* Secreted here via primary active secretion.
* Secreted here via primary active secretion.
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology#Primary Active Secretion - Organic Acids and Bases|Link to Article]]</TD>
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology#Primary Active Secretion - Organic Acids and Bases|Link to Article]]</TD>
<TD>N/A</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6"><center>N/A</center></TD>
<TD>N/A</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6"><center>N/A</center></TD>
<TD>N/A</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#C1f0f6"><center>N/A</center></TD>
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'''<center>[[Media:A_Summary_Table_of_Reabsorption_and_Secretion_Along_the_Nephron_-_Anatomy_&_Physiology.pdf| Printable Version]]</center>'''
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[[Category:Urine Production]]