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==Overview==

==Overview==

[[Image:ureterhistoanat.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]]

[[Image:ureterhistoanat.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]]

[[Image:ureterhistoanat2.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]]

[[Image:ureterhistoanat2.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]]

The ureters convey urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder.  There are two of them one for each kidney and they are muscular tubes which pass retroperitoneally.  They can be subdivided into abdominal and pelvic portions based on the area of the body they pass through.  As it enters the pelvis it moves medially in the broad ligament of the female or the mesoductus of the male.  It ends at its junction on the dorsolateral surface of the bladder within the lateral ligament.

The ureters convey urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder.  There are two of them, one for each kidney. The ureters run retroperitoneally along the roof of the abdominal cavity and then enters the pelvis.  Once entering the pelvis it moves medially in the broad ligament of the female or the genital fold of the male.  It ends at its junction on the dorsolateral surface of the bladder within the lateral ligament.

==Wall==

==Wall==

* It has a mucous membrane

* It has an internal mucosa layer

** It is formed from transitory epithelium

** It is formed from transitional epithelium

** Protects against urine

** Protects against urine

* Followed by a muscularis layer

* Followed by a muscularis layer

* And finally on the outside an adventitia

 

* And finally an external adventitia

==Junction With the Bladder==

==Junction with the Bladder==

* The ureter enters the bladder obliquely

* The ureter enters the bladder obliquely near the neck of the bladder

* Runs between the muscular layers and mucosa

* Runs between the muscular layers and mucosa

* This stops back flow when the bladder is full as increasing pressure in the [[Bladder - Anatomy & Physiology | bladder]] pushes the two layers together occluding the ends of the ureters.

* This stops back flow when the bladder is full as increasing pressure in the [[Urinary Bladder - Anatomy & Physiology|urinary bladder]]

* They open through 2 slits on a raised "hillock"

* They open through 2 slits on a raised "hillock"

<DL>

<DL>

<DT>Renal pelivs and proximal ureter

<DT>Renal pelvis and proximal ureter

<DD>Renal artery

<DD>Renal artery

Lumbar lymph nodes

Lumbar lymph nodes