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Brucella abortus (view source)

Revision as of 16:43, 5 July 2012

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*Bovine brucellosis:
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{{OpenPagesTop}}
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**Caused by ''Brucella abortus''
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{{Taxobox
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**Eradicated in many countries including UK
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|name              =''Brucella abortus''
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**Infection usually by ingestions but also venereal, skin abrasions, inhalation, transplacental
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|phylum            =Proteobacteria
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**Abortion storms in susceptible herds
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|class              =Alpha Proteobacteria
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**Abortion after fifth month of gestation due to placentitis
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|order              =Rhizobiales
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**Brucellae excreted in foetal fluids for 2-4 weeks following abortion and at subsequent parturitions without abortion
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|family            =Brucellaceae
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**Infection of mammary glands and lymph nodes persists for years
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|genus              =Brucella
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**Excreted intermittently in milk for years
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|species            =''B.abortus''
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**Seminal vesicles, ampullae, testicles and epididymus infected in bulls; necrotising orchitis
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}}
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**Decreased fertility in cows and bulls; decreased milk production
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**Localisation in [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]] and lymphatic tissue of non-pregnant animals
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**Occasionally causes [[Joints Inflammatory - Pathology#In Cattle|arthritis]]
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*Isolated from closed cases of [[Bursae and Tendons Inflammatory - Pathology#Poll Evil and Fistulous Withers|poll evil and fistulous withers]] in horses
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[[File:Brucelliosis.jpg|right|thumb|250px|<small><center> Swollen caribou “knee” joint due to brucellosis. (Wildlife Alaska
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2008, Wikimedia commons)</center></small>]]
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''Brucella abortus'' is a species of the ''[[Brucella species - Overview|Brucella]]'' bacteria genus and causes [[Brucellosis - Cattle|bovine brucellosis]]. It mainly affects cattle, where transmission is by ingestion and abortion occurs in the last half of pregnancy. The placenta is covered by fibrinonecrotic tissue and the foetus often shows bronchopneumonia.
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''B.abortus'' uncommonly localises in joints, usually in [[Capped Joints|'''carpal bursitis (hygroma)]]''' in cattle and '''bursitis''' in horses. Also in spleen and lymphatic tissue of non-pregnant animals. It has been isolated from closed cases of [[Poll Evil and Fistulous Withers|poll evil and fistulous withers]] in horses.
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==Control==
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Vaccination of heifers against ''B. abortus'' in endemic regions by Strain S19, a live attenuated vaccine, stimulating a cell-mediated immune response. The vaccination of young animals interferes with serological testing. The 45/20 bacterin vaccine is less effective and the newer RB51 vaccine has no LPS O-antigen therefore not detected by serological tests and gives good protection.
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{{Learning
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|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=%22Brucella+abortus%22&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&publishedstart=2000&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all&x=43&y=8 ''Brucella abortus'' publications since 2000]
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}}
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{{OpenPages}}
 
[[Category:Brucella species]]
 
[[Category:Brucella species]]
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[[Category:Expert_Review]]
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