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− | Caused By: '''''Streptococcus iniae'' | + | {{OpenPagesTop}} |
| + | {{Podcasts |
| + | |link = https://bloomsbury.mediacore.tv/podcasts/wikivet-english/streptococcosis-in-fish}} |
| + | Also known as: '''''Red Boil Disease''''' |
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| + | Caused by: '''''Streptococcus iniae'' |
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| ==Introduction== | | ==Introduction== |
− | Streptooccosis in fish is most commonly caused by the '''gram positive, facultative anaerobe [[Bacteria|bacterium]]''', ''Streptococcus iniae''. It does not fit any Lancefield serotype groups but is '''beta-haemolytic on blood agar'''. Other species may be involved including ''[[Enterococcus faecalis|S. faecalis]], E. seriolicida, S. faecium, S. difficile,'' and ''S. agalactiae''. | + | Streptooccosis in fish is most commonly caused by the '''gram positive, facultative anaerobe [[Bacteria|bacterium]]''', ''Streptococcus iniae''. It does not fit any Lancefield serotype groups but is '''beta-haemolytic on blood agar'''. Other species may be involved including ''[[Enterococcus faecalis|S. faecalis]], E. seriolicida, S. faecium, S. difficile, S. dysgalactiae'' and ''S. agalactiae''. |
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| ''S. iniae'' has also been identified as an '''emerging human pathogen producing soft tissue infections''' in people.<ref>Fuller, J. D., Bast, D. J., Nizet, V., Low, D. E., de Azavedo, J. C (2001) '''Streptococcus iniae virulence is associated with a distinct genetic profile'''. ''Infection and Immunity'', 69</ref> The risk is mainly to direct handlers of infected fish and is not thought to be food-borne. | | ''S. iniae'' has also been identified as an '''emerging human pathogen producing soft tissue infections''' in people.<ref>Fuller, J. D., Bast, D. J., Nizet, V., Low, D. E., de Azavedo, J. C (2001) '''Streptococcus iniae virulence is associated with a distinct genetic profile'''. ''Infection and Immunity'', 69</ref> The risk is mainly to direct handlers of infected fish and is not thought to be food-borne. |
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| ==Distribution== | | ==Distribution== |
− | Asia, South Africa, USA, Australia, Italy and Spain.
| + | Korea, Japan, Israel, Iran, Bahrain, South Africa, USA, Australia, Italy and Spain. |
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| ==Signalment== | | ==Signalment== |
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| ''S. iniae'' causes '''meningoencephalitis, systemic septicaemia and subsequent mortalities''' in fish, particularly cultured species. | | ''S. iniae'' causes '''meningoencephalitis, systemic septicaemia and subsequent mortalities''' in fish, particularly cultured species. |
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− | Affected fish display '''bilateral exopthalmos and distension of the eyes''' giving their heads a strange shape. Internal and external '''haemorrhages may be grossly visible and skin is often darkened'''. Fish are lethargic, anorexic and stop feeding. They '''swim listlessly''' and exhibit strange behaviour. | + | Affected fish display '''bilateral [[Exopthalmos - Fish|exopthalmos]] and distension of the eyes''' giving their heads a strange shape. Internal and external '''haemorrhages may be grossly visible and skin is often darkened'''. Fish are lethargic, anorexic, stop feeding and they '''swim listlessly'''. |
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| ==Diagnosis== | | ==Diagnosis== |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
| <references/> | | <references/> |
− | Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Streptococcus iniae datasheet''', accessed 13/07/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/
| + | Salati, F. 2011. '''''Enterococcus seriolicida'' and ''Streptococcus spp''. (''S. iniae, S. agalactiae'' and ''S. dysgalactiae'')'''. In: '''Fish Diseases and Disorders Volume 3''': Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Infections (eds. P.T.K. Woo and D.W. Bruno), ''CABI'', Walingford, UK, pp 375-396. |
| + | {{CABI source |
| + | |datasheet = [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=63336&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 ''Streptococcus iniae''] and [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=63343&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 streptococcosis in fish caused by ''Streptococcus iniae''] |
| + | |date =13 July 2011 |
| + | }} |
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− | Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Streptococcosis in fish caused by Streptococcus iniae datasheet''', accessed 13/07/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/
| + | {{Patrick Woo |
| + | |date = 24 August 2011}} |
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| + | {{OpenPages}} |
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− | {{review}}
| + | [[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]] |
− | [[Category:CABI Expert Review]] | |
| [[Category:Zoonoses]] | | [[Category:Zoonoses]] |
| [[Category:Fish Diseases]] | | [[Category:Fish Diseases]] |