Changes

Lidocaine is an amide-linked local anaesthetic, which aslo has anti-arrhythmic properties. The time to onset of action is 3-10mins, after which the drug's effects last 60-90mins. The duration of action may be prolonged by the addition of adrenaline to the preparation. Lidocaine is a very cheap drug, and is a component of EMLA cream.

Lidocaine is an amide-linked local anaesthetic, which aslo has anti-arrhythmic properties. The time to onset of action is 3-10mins, after which the drug's effects last 60-90mins. The duration of action may be prolonged by the addition of adrenaline to the preparation. Lidocaine is a very cheap drug, and is a component of EMLA cream.

===Bupivicaine===

===Bupivacaine===

Bupivicaine is also an amide-linked local anaesthetic, but with a duration of action of around 8 hours, it is longer acting than lidocaine. It also has a longer time to onset (20-30mins). It is very cardiotoxic, casuing asystole by decreasing the force of contraction, and therefore must NOT be given intravenously.

Bupivacaine is also an amide-linked local anaesthetic, but with a duration of action of around 8 hours, it is longer acting than lidocaine. It also has a longer time to onset (20-30mins). It is very cardiotoxic, casuing asystole by decreasing the force of contraction, and therefore must NOT be given intravenously.

===Mepivicaine===

===Mepivicaine===