Difference between revisions of "Ureters - Anatomy & Physiology"

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<big><center>[[Urinary System - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO URINARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
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==Overview==
 
==Overview==
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[[Image:ureterhistoanat.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]]
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[[Image:ureterhistoanat2.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]]
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* Muscular tube
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The ureters convey urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder.  There are two of them, one for each kidney. The ureters run retroperitoneally along the roof of the abdominal cavity and then enters the pelvis.  Once entering the pelvis it moves medially in the broad ligament of the female or the genital fold of the male.  It ends at its junction on the dorsolateral surface of the bladder within the lateral ligament.
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* Passes in retroperitoneal space
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* 2 Parts
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** Abdominal Portion
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** Pelvic portion
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*** At this points it moves medially
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*** In the female this movment is through the broad ligament
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*** In the male it is through the mesoductus
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* It ends of the dorsolateral surface of the bladder
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** Within the lateral ligament of the bladder
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==Wall==
 
==Wall==
  
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* It has an internal mucosa layer
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* It has a mucous membrane
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** It is formed from transitional epithelium
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** It is formed from transitory epithelium
 
** Protects against urine
 
** Protects against urine
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* Under that is a lamina propria
 
* Followed by a muscularis layer
 
* Followed by a muscularis layer
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** This is well developed for peristalsis, though can enter into spasm on irritation
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* And finally on the outside an adventitia
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* And finally an external adventitia
 
  
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==Junction with the Bladder==
 
  
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* The ureter enters the bladder obliquely near the neck of the bladder
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==Junction With the Bladder==
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* The ureter enters the bladder obliquely
 
* Runs between the muscular layers and mucosa
 
* Runs between the muscular layers and mucosa
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* This stops back flow when the bladder is full as increasing pressure in the [[Urinary Bladder - Anatomy & Physiology|urinary bladder]]
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* This stops back flow when the bladder is full as increasing pressure in the [[Bladder - Anatomy & Physiology | bladder]] pushes the two layers together occluding the ends of the ureters.
 
* They open through 2 slits on a raised "hillock"
 
* They open through 2 slits on a raised "hillock"
  
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==Movement of Urine==
 
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The movement of urine along the ureters is achieved by peristalsis which is powered by locally regulated smooth muscle.  This maintains a low pressure in the renal pelvis.
 
  
 
==Vascular Supply==
 
==Vascular Supply==
  
 
<DL>
 
<DL>
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<DT>Renal pelvis and proximal ureter
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<DT>Renal pelivs and proximal ureter
 
<DD>Renal artery
 
<DD>Renal artery
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<DT>Distal ureter
 
<DT>Distal ureter
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Lumbar lymph nodes
 
Lumbar lymph nodes
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==Revision==
 
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{{Template:Learning
 
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|flashcards = Use the [[Ureters - Renal Flash Cards - Anatomy & Physiology|flash card revision resource]] for this section to test yourself.
 
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|dragster = [[Canine Urinary Radiographical Anatomy Resources (I & II)|Canine Intravenous Ureterogram Radiographic Anatomy (I)]]
 
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}}
 
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{{OpenPages}}
 
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[[Category:Lower Urinary Tract - Anatomy & Physiology]]
 

Revision as of 14:45, 30 June 2008

BACK TO URINARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY

Overview

  • Muscular tube
  • Passes in retroperitoneal space
  • 2 Parts
    • Abdominal Portion
    • Pelvic portion
      • At this points it moves medially
      • In the female this movment is through the broad ligament
      • In the male it is through the mesoductus
  • It ends of the dorsolateral surface of the bladder
    • Within the lateral ligament of the bladder


Wall

  • It has a mucous membrane
    • It is formed from transitory epithelium
    • Protects against urine
  • Under that is a lamina propria
  • Followed by a muscularis layer
  • And finally on the outside an adventitia


Junction With the Bladder

  • The ureter enters the bladder obliquely
  • Runs between the muscular layers and mucosa
  • This stops back flow when the bladder is full as increasing pressure in the bladder pushes the two layers together occluding the ends of the ureters.
  • They open through 2 slits on a raised "hillock"


Vascular Supply

Renal pelivs and proximal ureter
Renal artery
Distal ureter
Cranial vesicular artery and the vaginal (female) / prostatic (male)

Lymphatic Drainage

Lumbar lymph nodes

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