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Also known as: '''''SLE'''''

Also known as: '''''SLE'''''

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

Systemic Lupus Erythematous is an immune-mediated disease which can affect '''many different organ systems'''. It is an primary autoimmune disease in which the body loses 'self-tolerance' towards autoantigens and mounts an inappropriate attack on various target tissues of the body. The pathology can be attributed to true autoantibody binding, '''immune complex deposition''' causing a [[Type III Hypersensitivity|type III hypersensitivity reaction]], or cell-mediated autoimmunity.  

Systemic Lupus Erythematous is an immune-mediated disease which can affect '''many different organ systems'''. It is a primary autoimmune disease in which the body loses 'self-tolerance' towards autoantigens and mounts an inappropriate attack on various target tissues of the body. The pathology can be attributed to true autoantibody binding, '''immune complex deposition''' causing a [[Type III Hypersensitivity|type III hypersensitivity reaction]], or cell-mediated autoimmunity.  

The most well-studied autoantibodies formed are the '''Anti-Nuclear Antibodies''' (ANA) which are found in up to 100% of cases reported and are important in the diagnosis of the disease. These target a number of nuclear components, including double-stranded DNA, histones and extractable nuclear antigens.

The most comprehensively studied autoantibodies formed are the '''Anti-Nuclear Antibodies''' (ANA) which are found in up to 100% of cases reported and are important in the diagnosis of the disease. These target a number of nuclear components, including double-stranded DNA, histones and extractable nuclear antigens.

The '''aetiology''' of the disease is multifactorial, involving genetics, immunological disorder, viral infection and hormonal and ultraviolet light modulation.

The '''aetiology''' of the disease is multifactorial, involving genetics, immunological disorder, viral infection and hormonal and ultraviolet light modulation.

The condition is uncommon in dogs and rare in cats and horses.  

The condition is uncommon in dogs and rare in cats and horses.

==Clinical Signs==

==Clinical Signs==

<u>Cats</u>: no age predilection, but Siamese, Himalayan and Persian breeds may be predisposed.

<u>Cats</u>: no age predilection, but Siamese, Himalayan and Persian breeds may be predisposed.

Syndromes reported include: haematological abnormalities, neurological abnormalities, fever, lymphadenopathy, polyarthritis, myopathy, oral ulceration, conjunctivitis, [[:Category:Renal failure|'''renal failure''']] and subclinical pulmonary disease.

Syndromes reported include: haematological abnormalities, neurological abnormalities, fever, lymphadenopathy, polyarthritis, myopathy, oral ulceration, conjunctivitis, [[:Category:Renal Failure|'''renal failure''']] and subclinical pulmonary disease.

Only 20% of cats will have skin lesions such as seborrhea, erythema, [[alopecia]] and scarring on the face, pinnae and paws.

Only 20% of cats will have skin lesions such as seborrhea, erythema, [[alopecia]] and scarring on the face, pinnae and paws.

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[[Category:Expert Review]]

[[Category:Expert Review]]

[[Category:Immunological Diseases - Cat]][[Category:Immunological Diseases - Dog]]

[[Category:Immunological Diseases - Cat]][[Category:Immunological Diseases - Dog]]

[[Category:Immunological Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Immunological Diseases - Horse]]