Difference between revisions of "Carnivore Mammary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology"

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== General Structure Bitch==
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== General Structure ==
 
  
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Each mammary complex consists of '''5-20 mammary units''' and their corresponding ducts. The ducts open separately on the tip of the teat. Shallow grooves indicate the border between complexes. An '''intermammary sulcus''' divides the right from the left row.
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* Usually '''10 mammary complexes'''.
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* Arranged in two bilaterally symmetrical rows.
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* Extend from the ventral '''thoracic to inguinal''' region.
  
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==Species differences==
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''N.B: Not always symmetrical and number of complexes may vary 8-12.''
  
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=== Bitch ===
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== General Structure Cat ==
  
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Usually has '''10 mammary complexes'''. They are arranged in two bilaterally symmetrical rows and extend from the ventral '''thoracic to inguinal''' region. N.B. They are not always symmetrical and the number of complexes may vary between 8-12.
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* Usually '''8 mammary complexes'''.
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* Arranged in two bilaterally symmetrical rows.
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* Extend from the ventral '''thoracic to abdominal''' region.
  
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=== Cat ===
 
  
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Usually has '''8 mammary complexes'''. They are arranged in two bilaterally symmetrical rows and extend from the ventral '''thoracic to abdominal''' region.
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== General Structure Carnivore ==
  
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== Appearance ==
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* Each mammary complex consists of '''5-20 mammary units''' and their corresponding ducts.
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* Ducts open separately on the tip of the teat.
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* Shallow grooves indicate the border between complexes.
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* '''Intermammary Sulcus''' divides the right from the left row.
  
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Juvenile or non-lactating carnivores have inconspicuous mammary complexes with short teats. During lactation, the mammary complexes increase in size and become hemi-spherical in shape. This does, however, vary among breeds and individuals.
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== Blood Supply ==
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== Appearance ==
  
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There is a blood supply from the mammary branches of the '''lateral thoracic artery'''.
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* Juvenile/non-lactating: inconspicuous mammary complexes with short teats.
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* Lactation: Mammary complexes increase in size and become hemi-spherical in shape.
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* Varies among breeds and individuals.
  
 
== Lymphatics ==
 
== Lymphatics ==
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Lymph from the cranial thoracic mammary complex, drains into both the '''axillary''' and '''superficial cervical''' lymph node. Lymph from the cranial abdominal mammary complex, can either drain into the '''axillary''' or '''superficial inguinal''' lymph node and lymph from the caudal abdominal mammary complex may also drain into the '''medial iliac''' lymph nodes. There is interconnection between the left and right superficial inguinal lymph nodes.
 
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== Complications ==
 
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Changes characteristic of the cycle of the bitch include, growth and proliferation of the mammary gland with each cycle even if the bitch does not conceive. Frequent proliferation and subsequent [[Lactation - Anatomy & Physiology#Involution|involution]] predisposes the bitch to [[Neoplasia - Pathology#Examples of Tumour Types|mammary tumours]].
 
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[[Category:Female Reproduction]][[Category:Cat - Integumentary System]][[Category:Dog - Integumentary System]]
 
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[[Category:A&P Done]]
 

Revision as of 12:52, 8 July 2008

General Structure Bitch

  • Usually 10 mammary complexes.
  • Arranged in two bilaterally symmetrical rows.
  • Extend from the ventral thoracic to inguinal region.

N.B: Not always symmetrical and number of complexes may vary 8-12.

General Structure Cat

  • Usually 8 mammary complexes.
  • Arranged in two bilaterally symmetrical rows.
  • Extend from the ventral thoracic to abdominal region.


General Structure Carnivore

  • Each mammary complex consists of 5-20 mammary units and their corresponding ducts.
  • Ducts open separately on the tip of the teat.
  • Shallow grooves indicate the border between complexes.
  • Intermammary Sulcus divides the right from the left row.

Appearance

  • Juvenile/non-lactating: inconspicuous mammary complexes with short teats.
  • Lactation: Mammary complexes increase in size and become hemi-spherical in shape.
  • Varies among breeds and individuals.

Lymphatics

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