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==Introduction==  

==Description==  

[[Image:Oesophageal Stricture.png|thumb|right|300px|An oesophageal stricture observed by oesophagoscopy<br><small> Copyright David Walker 2009 RVC]]</small>

[[Image:Oesophageal Stricture.png|thumb|right|300px|An oesophageal stricture observed by oesophagoscopy<br><small> Copyright David Walker 2009 RVC]]</small>

An oesophageal stricture is an abnormal circumferential narrowing of the oesophageal lumen secondary to severe [[Oesophagitis|oesophagitis]].  Deep injuries to the oesophageal wall heal by fibrosis which contracts over time to form the stricture.  Animals may suffer from multiple strictures and the most common sites are within the '''distal high pressure zone''' (close to the lower oesophageal spincter), over the '''base of the heart''' and '''at the thoracic inlet'''.  The oesophagus is narrower at these points and foreign bodies and refluxed ingesta are therefore more likely to accumulate at these locations.  The most important causes of strictures include:

An oesophageal stricture is an abnormal circumferential narrowing of the oesophageal lumen secondary to severe [[Oesophagitis|oesophagitis]].  Deep injuries to the oesophageal wall heal by fibrosis which contracts over time to form the stricture.  Animals may suffer from multiple strictures and the most common sites are within the '''distal high pressure zone''' (close to the lower oesophageal spincter), over the '''base of the heart''' and '''at the thoracic inlet'''.  The oesophagus is narrower at these points and foreign bodies and refluxed ingesta are therefore more likely to accumulate at these locations.  The most important causes of strictures include:

==Prognosis==

==Prognosis==

The shorter the length of oesophagus involved and the quicker the corrective procedure is performed, the better the prognosis.  Animals with large, mature strictures and those with continued oesophagitis have a guarded prognosis and long-term gastrostomy tubes may be required in these cases.

The shorter the length of oesophagus involved and the quicker the corrective procedure is performed, the better the prognosis.  Animals with large, mature strictures and those with continued oesophagitis have a guarded prognosis and long-term gastrostomy tubes may be required in these cases.

==References==

==References==

*Hall, E.J, Simpson, J.W. and Williams, D.A. (2005) '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Gastroenterology (2nd Edition)''' ''BSAVA''

*Hall, E.J, Simpson, J.W. and Williams, D.A. (2005) '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Gastroenterology (2nd Edition)''' ''BSAVA''

 

 

[[Category:Oesophagus_-_Pathology]]

[[Category:Oesophagus_-_Pathology]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_James]]

[[Category:Expert_Review - Small Animal]]

[[Category:Expert_Review]]

[[Category:Oesophageal Diseases - Dog]][[Category:Oesophageal Diseases - Cat]]