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| − | == Attractivity Behaviour Among Various Species==
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| | * Behaviours and signals that serve to attract males. | | * Behaviours and signals that serve to attract males. |
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| | ** Vocalizations | | ** Vocalizations |
| | ** Behaviours | | ** Behaviours |
| − | ** Chemical cues such as pheromones | + | ** Chemical cues such as pheramones |
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| − | == Pheromones ==
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| − | === Female ===
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| − | * Secretions from the female reproductive tract that serve to sexually stimulate and attract males to the female.
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| − | * Vaginal and urinary secretions from females in [[Oestrus Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology|Oestrus]] smell different to the male then secretions of females not in [[Oestrus Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology|Oestrus]].
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| − | * Pheromone is a volatile substance released to the outside of the body and perceived by the olfactory system and/or activated by the [[Pre-copulatory Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology#Vomeronasal_Organ|'''vomeronasal organ''']]. Releasing pheromones can cause specific behaviour in the recipient.
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| − | === Male ===
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| − | * Males also produce sex pheromones.
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| − | ** '''Boars''' produce specific substances that cause sows and guilts to become sexually aroused when they are in [[Oestrus Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology|Oestrus]].
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| − | ** Two sexual attractants are produced by boars:
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| − | *** '''Preputial pouch secretion'''
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| − | *** '''Pheromonal substance in [[Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology#Saliva|saliva]]''' secreted by the submaxillary [[Salivary_Glands_-_Anatomy_&_Physiology#Types_of_Salivary_Glands|salivary gland]].
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| − | **** During sexual excitement, the boar produces copious quantities of foamy saliva. The active components in saliva are the androgen metabolites '''3α-Androstenol''' and '''5α-Androstenone'''. Both have a musk-like odour.
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| − | == Auditory Signals ==
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| − | * In many species, sexual readiness is accompanied by some form of unique vocalization ('mating call').
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| − | ** Cows increase bellowing during [[Oestrus Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology|Oestrus]].
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| − | ** Sows display characteristic grunting associated with [[Oestrus Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology|Oestrus]].
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| − | ** Queens often 'yeow' repeatedly to call the tom.
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| − | ** Mares and Ewes are comparitively silent.
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| − | * Elevated vocalization alerts/signals to males that sexual readiness is imminent.
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| − | * Auditory stimulus is more useful in long-range stimulation than close discrimination.
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| − | == Visual Signals ==
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| − | * All females display a form of sexual posturing that can be perceived by males.
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| − | * Can be subtle to human observers.
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| − | * Identification of postures takes place easily among members of the same species.
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| − | [[Category:Reproductive Behaviour]]
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| − | [[Category:Bullet Points]]
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