Changes

[[Image:Binary fission.png|thumb|right|100px|Binary fission- copyright J W Schmidt]]

[[Image:Binary fission.png|thumb|right|100px|Binary fission (JTojnar 2010, WikiMedia Commons)]]

Replication normally occurs by binary fission and ranges from every 20 mins (e.g. Staphylococci) to 2 weeks (e.g. leprosy bacillus)

Replication normally occurs by binary fission and ranges from every 20 mins (e.g. Staphylococci) to 2 weeks (e.g. leprosy bacillus)

*Variation can occur either by mutations in their DNA, or by ''lateral gene transfer'':

*Variation can occur either by mutations in their DNA, or by ''lateral gene transfer'':

**Transformation- small, naked pieces of DNA are directly transferred between bacteria, e.g. ''S pneumoniae''

**Transformation- small, naked pieces of DNA are directly transferred between bacteria, e.g. ''S pneumoniae''

**Transduction- viruses known as bacteriophages transfer the DNA, many genes encoding toxins are transferred this way[[Image:Conjugative plasmids.png|thumb|right|100px|Conjugative plasmids- copyright Magnus Manske]]

**Transduction- viruses known as bacteriophages transfer the DNA, many genes encoding toxins are transferred this way[[Image:Conjugative plasmids.png|thumb|right|100px|Conjugative plasmids (Magnus Manske 2006, WikiMedia Commons)]]

**Conjugation- DNA is transferred in the form of plasmids, genes encoding antibiotic resistance are typically transferred this way.  

**Conjugation- DNA is transferred in the form of plasmids, genes encoding antibiotic resistance are typically transferred this way.  

**Alkophilic- Vibrio

**Alkophilic- Vibrio

Replication of ''E. coli'' [http://www.cellsalive.com/qtmovs/ecoli_mov.htm]

Replication of ''E. coli'' [http://www.cellsalive.com/qtmovs/ecoli_mov.htm]

[[Category:Bacteria]]

[[Category:Bacteria]]