|
|
| (18 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| | + | <big><center>[[Reproductive System|'''BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM''']]</center></big> |
| | + | |
| | + | <big><center>[[Reproductive_System#Reproductive_Technologies|'''BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES''']]</center></big> |
| | + | |
| | + | |
| | + | |
| | + | |
| | == Artificial Vagina == | | == Artificial Vagina == |
| | | | |
| − | === Introduction ===
| + | * Simulates the vaginal conditions of a female in oestrus. |
| − | | |
| − | * Simulates the [[Vagina and Vestibule - Anatomy & Physiology|vaginal conditions]] of a female in oestrus. | |
| | * Generally consist of | | * Generally consist of |
| | ** Outer casing of reinforced rubber | | ** Outer casing of reinforced rubber |
| Line 11: |
Line 16: |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| − | * The desgin of the artificial vagina should accomplish the following:
| + | * Males need training to mount a surrogate animal or 'dummy'. |
| − | ** Provide a suitable environment for stimulation of the glans penis.
| + | * Advantages of a surrogate animal: |
| − | ** Provide an environment that prevents damage to the penis.
| + | ** |
| − | ** Provide an environment that maximizes sperm recovery and minimizes sperm insult.
| + | * Disadvantages of a surrogate animal: |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | === Advantages and Disadvantages of Using a Surrogate Stimulus ===
| |
| − | | |
| − | * Males need training to [[Copulatory Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology#Mounting|mount]] a surrogate animal or 'dummy'. | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | * '''Advantages''' of a surrogate animal: | |
| − | ** Ease of cleaning | |
| − | ** Minimizes risk of injury
| |
| − | ** Minimizes risk of disease transmission
| |
| − | ** Surrogate animals do not require feed input, housing or labour for maintenance.
| |
| − | ** Size can be easily adjusted to accommodate various males.
| |
| − | ** Can be mobile, so location can be changed with ease. This avoids changing location of the male - which is more dangerous, especially with Bulls. | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | * '''Disadvantages''' of a surrogate animal:
| |
| | ** Changing the location of teasers is difficult. | | ** Changing the location of teasers is difficult. |
| − | ** Requires previous training of the male
| |
| − |
| |
| − |
| |
| − | === Species Differences ===
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * '''Stallion''':
| |
| − | ** Leather outer casing equiped with a port to drain water.
| |
| − | ** Collection vessel and protective covering
| |
| − | ** Ideally, [[Copulatory Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology#Ejaculation|ejaculation]] takes place in a collection cone so that most semen drains directly into the collection vessel.
| |
| − | ** Surrogate stimulus used to collect semen from the Stallion is referred to as a ''''phantom''''.
| |
| − | *** Phantom has a biting belt to provide the stallion with a surface to bite during [[Copulatory Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology#Mounting|mounting]] thus providing a means for natural behaviour.
| |
| − | ** It is possible to palpate the urethra at the base of the penis to detect ejaculation. There may also be associated tail movements.
| |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Bull''':
| |
| − | ** Black casing
| |
| − | ** Rubber liner
| |
| − | ** Collection cone and collection vessel
| |
| − | ** Water is placed between the casing and the liner.
| |
| − | ** Proper temperature critical for successful [[Copulatory Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology#Ejaculation|ejaculation]].
| |
| − | ** Protective covering placed over the cone and collection vessel to prevent [[Artificial Insemination - Anatomy & Physiology#Seminal Extenders|cold shock]] of the semen.
| |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Boar''':
| + | ---- |
| − | ** Bulb that can apply pressure to the artificial vagina.
| |
| − | *** High pressure is obligatory for stimulation of the glans penis and [[Copulatory Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology#Ejaculation|ejaculation]] in the boar.
| |
| − | ** Outer casing and liner
| |
| − | ** Protective covering that houses the collection vessel.
| |
| − | | |
| − | * '''Ram and Buck''':
| |
| − | ** Rubber casing with a valve through which water can be added or emptied.
| |
| − | ** Rubber liner and collection vessel.
| |
| − | ** Protective covering
| |
| | | | |
| | == Electroejaculation == | | == Electroejaculation == |
| − |
| |
| − | * Electrical stimulation of the [[Accessory Sex Glands - Anatomy & Physiology|accessory sex glands]] and the pelvic urethra.
| |
| − | *Used in males of high genetic value that cannot physically perform [[Copulatory Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology#Mounting|mounting]] and [[Copulatory Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology#Ejaculation|ejaculation]].
| |
| − | * Electric probe is inserted into the [[Rectum_- Anatomy & Physiology|rectum]] adjacent to the prostate.
| |
| − | * Probe delivers a single electric current of around 15 volts under general anaesthetic.
| |
| − | * Simulates nearby nerves, resulting in contraction of the pelvic muscles and [[Copulatory Behaviour - Anatomy & Physiology#Ejaculation|ejaculation]].
| |
| − |
| |
| − | {{Learning
| |
| − | |flashcards = [[Equine Reproduction and Stud Medicine Q&A 03]]
| |
| − | }}
| |
| − |
| |
| − | [[Category:Reproductive Technologies]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Bullet Points]]
| |