Difference between revisions of "Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology"
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The appearance of the uterus varies with the stages of the oestrus cycle. | The appearance of the uterus varies with the stages of the oestrus cycle. | ||
'''Follicular phase''' | '''Follicular phase''' | ||
| − | * | + | *Increasing numbers of uterine glands developing and elongating within the endometrium due to the influence of Oestrogens produced by the developing follicles. |
| + | *General increase in the thickness of the endometrium. | ||
| + | *The epithelium lining the glands is Simple Columna epithelium. | ||
'''Luteal phase''' | '''Luteal phase''' | ||
| − | * | + | *The endometrium is at its maximum thickness with a large number of highly developed glands. |
| + | *This is the secretory phase for the endometrium. | ||
'''Anoestrus''' | '''Anoestrus''' | ||
| − | * | + | *The endothelium is relatively thin and there is little proliferation or gland development. |
| + | *The glands are lined by Simple Cuboidal epithelium. | ||
==Innervation== | ==Innervation== | ||
Revision as of 20:56, 17 July 2008
Introduction
Structure
Function
- Provides a suitable environment for embryo development and attachment.
- In response to increasing amounts of oxytocin production by the corpus luteum during the luteal phase the endometrium produces luteolytic PGF2a to cause degeneration of the corpus luteum.
- The uterus contributes varying amounts of maternal tissues towards the placenta.
- The myometrium is involved with sperm transport through the uterus towards the oviduct.
- Contrations of the myometrium during parturition is important for feotus and placenta expulsion.
Anatomical Location & Boundaries
The Uterus body and Uterine horns are located within the abdominal cavity dorsal to the Intestinal mass. -broad ligament?
Histology
The appearance of the uterus varies with the stages of the oestrus cycle. Follicular phase
- Increasing numbers of uterine glands developing and elongating within the endometrium due to the influence of Oestrogens produced by the developing follicles.
- General increase in the thickness of the endometrium.
- The epithelium lining the glands is Simple Columna epithelium.
Luteal phase
- The endometrium is at its maximum thickness with a large number of highly developed glands.
- This is the secretory phase for the endometrium.
Anoestrus
- The endothelium is relatively thin and there is little proliferation or gland development.
- The glands are lined by Simple Cuboidal epithelium.
Innervation
The uterus is innervated by both Sypathetic and Parasympathetic fibres which play a part in the regulation of uterine activity. This is highlighted by Iatrogenic manipulation of parturition using β-Adrenoreceptor Agonists for delaying parturition and Antagonists for inducing parturition. However, uterine activity and normal parturition can be acheived when these nerves are severed.
Vasculature
- Uterine branch of the Ovarian artery supplies the cranial parts of the Uterine horns.
- Uterine artery supplies the rest of the uterine horns and the uterine body. This is a branch off the Internal Iliac artery in most domestic species, except the Mare where insted it is a branch off the External Iliac artery. The Uterine artery and the Ovarian artery anastomose within the Broad ligament.