Changes

== Introduction ==

== Introduction ==

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

Some diseases predispose animals to secondary pulmonary hypertension. Predisposed breeds include brachycephalic dogs (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease); small breeds ([[Mitral Valve Dysplasia|mitral endocardiosis]]) and West Highland White Terriers (pulmonary fibrosis).  

Some diseases predispose animals to secondary pulmonary hypertension. Predisposed breeds include brachycephalic dogs (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease); small breeds ([[Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease|mitral endocardiosis]]) and West Highland White Terriers (pulmonary fibrosis).

 

== Clinical Signs ==

== Clinical Signs ==

== Diagnosis ==

== Diagnosis ==

Physical examination, depending on any underlying conditions, may show a [[Heart Murmurs|heart murmur]] (mitral or tricuspid regurgitation), presence of a gallop rhythm, increased lung sounds and splitting of S2 heart sounds (see [[:Category:Arrhythmia|arrhythmias]]).  

'''Physical examination''', depending on any underlying conditions, may show a [[Heart Murmurs|heart murmur]] (mitral or tricuspid regurgitation), presence of a gallop rhythm, increased lung sounds and splitting of S2 heart sounds (see [[:Category:Arrhythmia|arrhythmias]]).  

Blood tests:

'''Blood tests''':

:Arterial blood gases may show hypoxemia if there are low oxygen conditions.  

:Arterial blood gases may show hypoxemia if there are low oxygen conditions.  

:Complete Blood Count will show an eosinophilia if ther is parasitic involvement. (Serology or Fecal Baermann tests would confirm parasitic involvement).  

:Complete Blood Count will show an eosinophilia if ther is parasitic involvement. (Serology or Fecal Baermann tests would confirm parasitic involvement).  

:Biochemistry would show hyperglobulinemia in chronic inflammation.

:Biochemistry would show hyperglobulinemia in chronic inflammation.

Urinalysis may show the presence of proteinuria if systemic disease is present.  

'''Urinalysis''' may show the presence of proteinuria if systemic disease is present.  

Radiography is best performed with a DV view. Signs will include left atrial and ventricular enlargement, pulmonary arterial enlargement, congested pulmonary veins and signs of pulmonary disease.Electrocardiography may show the presence of right ventricular hypertrophy (Deep S-waves) and signs of myocardial hypoxia (ST segment abnormalities). Echocardiography may be used to calculate pulmonary arterial pressures. It may also show enlargement of right-side of heart and enable visualisation of mitral or tricuspid regurgitation.

'''Radiography''' is best performed with a DV view. Signs will include right atrial and ventricular enlargement, pulmonary arteries enlargement, enlargement of the V. cava caudalis, congested pulmonary veins and signs of pulmonary disease.  

== Treatment ==

== Treatment ==

*Treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

*Treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

[[Category:Lungs_-_Circulatory_Pathology]] [[Category:Vascular_Diseases_-_Dog]] [[Category:Vascular_Diseases_-_Cat]] [[Category:Arterial_Pathology]] [[Category:To_Do_-_Review]]

[[Category:Lungs_-_Circulatory_Pathology]] [[Category:Vascular_Diseases_-_Dog]] [[Category:Vascular_Diseases_-_Cat]] [[Category:Arterial_Pathology]] [[Category:Expert_Review]]

[[Category:Cardiology Section]]