Difference between revisions of "Glucose"
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Fiorecastro (talk | contribs) (Created page with "Glucose is the source of energy in the body and is regulated by insulin and glucagon. Glucose passes freely through the renal glomeruli and is totally reabsorbed in the renal...") |
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==== Causes of hypoglycaemia ==== | ==== Causes of hypoglycaemia ==== | ||
| − | + | * Hepatic insufficiency | |
* Insulinoma | * Insulinoma | ||
Revision as of 20:04, 15 March 2022
Glucose is the source of energy in the body and is regulated by insulin and glucagon. Glucose passes freely through the renal glomeruli and is totally reabsorbed in the renal tubules. As plasma glucose levels rise this mechanism is saturated and the ‘renal threshold’ exceeded, glucose then appears in the urine. Renal thresholds for the dog and cat are approximately 10-12mmol/l.
Small animals
Causes of hyperglycaemia
- Diabetes mellitus
- Stress (cats)
- Steroid therapy
- Post prandial
- Hyperadrenocorticism
- Pancreatitis
- Therapy with some progestagens
- Acromegaly (especially cats)
Causes of hypoglycaemia
- Hepatic insufficiency
- Insulinoma
- Insulin therapy
- Hypoadrenocorticism
- Starvation (especially neonates)
- Septicaemia
Complementary tests
Urine glucose (glucosuria in the absence of hyperglycaemia indicates a primary renal tubular problem), fructosamine (diabetes mellitus vs. stress hyperglycaemia), ACTH stimulation test (hyperadrenocorticism, hypoadrenocorticism), IGF1 (acromegaly), lipase (pancreatitis), insulin (insulinoma), bile acids (hepatic insufficiency).