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Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 17:30, 7 November 2022
, 17:30, 7 November 2022→Webinars
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==Introduction==
==Introduction==
The Uterus is the organ of pregnancy as this is where implantation and development of the feotus occurs. The Uterus is the reproductive organ with the most species variations. These variations occur in both the anatomical types of uterus as well as the uterine horn appearance and endometrial linings.
The Uterus is the organ of pregnancy as this is where implantation and development of the feotus occurs. The Uterus is the reproductive organ with the most species variations. These variations occur in both the anatomical types of uterus as well as the uterine horn appearance and endometrial linings.
==Uterine Horn Appearance==
==Uterine Horn Appearance==
[[Image:Mare Uterus.jpg|thumb|right|150px|The Mare Uterus- Courtesy of A.Crook, Copyright RVC 2008]]
[[Image:Mare Uterus.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Mare Uterus- Courtesy of A.Crook, Copyright RVC 2008]]
[[Image:Dog Uteri.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Radiograph showing the Divergent Uterine Horns of the Bitch- Courtesy of A.Crook, Copyright RVC 2008]]
[[Image:Dog Uteri.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Radiograph showing the Divergent Uterine Horns of the Bitch- Courtesy of A.Crook, Copyright RVC 2008]]
{| style="width:75%; height:200px" border="1"
{| style="width:75%; height:200px" border="1"
==Structure==
=== Perimetrium ===
=== Perimetrium ===
*Serosal connective tissue layer continuous with the [[The Uterus_-_The Broad Ligament_- Anatomy & Physiology|Broad Ligament]].
*Serosal connective tissue layer continuous with the [[Broad Ligament - Anatomy & Physiology|Broad Ligament]].
=== Myometrium ===
=== Myometrium ===
==Anatomical Location & Boundaries==
==Anatomical Location & Boundaries==
*The Uterus body and Uterine horns are located within the abdominal cavity dorsal to the Intestinal mass.
*The Uterus body and Uterine horns are located within the abdominal cavity dorsal to the Intestinal mass.
*The uterus is attached to the dorsal body wall via the Mesometrium [[The Uterus_-_The Broad Ligament_- Anatomy & Physiology|Broad Ligament]].
*The uterus is attached to the dorsal body wall via the Mesometrium [[Broad Ligament - Anatomy & Physiology|Broad Ligament]].
==Histology==
==Histology==
The appearance of the uterus varies with the stages of the oestrus cycle.
The appearance of the uterus varies with the stages of the oestrus cycle.
<center><gallery widths=150px>
Image:Uterus Histology.jpg|Histological Section of the Feline Uterus during Oestrus- Courtesy of J.Bredl, Copyright RVC 2008
Image:Uterus Oestrus.jpg|Histological Section of the Feline Uterus during Oestrus- Courtesy of J.Bredl, Copyright RVC 2008
Image:Uterus Luteal Phase.jpg|Histological Section of the Feline Uterus during the Luteal Phase- Courtesy of J.Bredl, Copyright RVC 2008
Image:Uterus Anoestrus.jpg|Histological Section of the Canine Uterus during Anoestrus- Courtesy of J.Bredl, Copyright RVC 2008
</gallery></center>
=== Follicular phase-Oestrus ===
=== Follicular phase-Oestrus ===
*Increasing numbers of uterine glands developing and elongating within the endometrium due to the influence of Oestrogens produced by the developing follicles.
*Increasing numbers of uterine glands developing and elongating within the endometrium due to the influence of Oestrogens produced by the developing follicles.
*General increase in the thickness of the endometrium.
*General increase in the thickness of the endometrium.
*The epithelium lining the glands is Simple Columna epithelium.
*The epithelium lining the glands is Simple Columna epithelium.
=== Luteal phase ===
*The endometrium is at its maximum thickness with a large number of highly developed glands.
*The endometrium is at its maximum thickness with a large number of highly developed glands.
*This is the secretory phase for the endometrium.
*This is the secretory phase for the endometrium.
=== Anoestrus ===
* The endothelium is relatively thin with little endometrial proliferation or gland development.
* The endothelium is relatively thin with little endometrial proliferation or gland development.
** This is due to the absence of ovarian steroids oestradiol and progesterone.
** This is due to the absence of ovarian steroids oestradiol and progesterone.
* The glands are lined by Simple Cuboidal epithelium.
* The glands are lined by Simple Cuboidal epithelium.
==Innervation==
==Innervation==
*Uterine artery supplies the rest of the uterine horns and the uterine body. This is a branch off the Internal Iliac artery in most domestic species, except the Mare where instead it is a branch off the External Iliac artery. The Uterine artery and the Ovarian artery anastomose within the Broad ligament.
*Uterine artery supplies the rest of the uterine horns and the uterine body. This is a branch off the Internal Iliac artery in most domestic species, except the Mare where instead it is a branch off the External Iliac artery. The Uterine artery and the Ovarian artery anastomose within the Broad ligament.
{{Learning
|dragster =[[Comparative Female Reproductive Anatomy resource]]
|videos = [[Video: Bovine Pregnant Uterus|Bovine pregnant uterus potcast]]<br>[[Video: Porcine uterus potcast|Porcine uterus potcast]]<br>[[Video: Bovine pregnant uterus potcast 2|Bovine pregnant uterus potcast 2]]<br>[[Video: Lateral view of the pelvic cavity and reproductive tract of the cow potcast|Lateral view of the pelvic cavity and reproductive tract of the cow potcast]]<br>[[Video: Female reproductive tract dissection|Female reproductive tract dissection]]<br>[[Video: Dissected equine abdomen showing ovary and uterus|Dissected equine abdomen showing ovary and uterus]]<br>[[Video: Female genital tract from a pregnant mare dissection|Female genital tract from a pregnant mare dissection]]<br>[[Video: Mare ovary and uterus dissection|Mare ovary and uterus dissection]]<br>[[Video: Isolated mare uterus potcast|Isolated mare uterus potcast]]<br>[[Video: Ewe uterine horns potcast|Ewe uterine horns potcast]]<br>[[Video: Ewe uterine horns potcast|Ewe uterine horns potcast]]<br>[[Video: Ovine uterus in late pregnancy dissection|Ovine uterus in late pregnancy dissection]]<br>[[Video: Ovine uterus and associated structures dissection|Ovine uterus and associated structures dissection]]<br>[[Video: Porcine uterus potcast|Porcine uterus potcast]]<br>[[Video: Isolated porcine uterus dissection|Isolated porcine uterus dissection]]<br>[[Video: Dissected porcine uterus in situ|Dissected porcine uterus in situ]]
|powerpoints = [[Female Reproductive Tract Histology resource|Histology of the female reproductive tract]]
}}
==Webinars==
<rss max="10" highlight="none">https://www.thewebinarvet.com/urogenital-and-reproduction/webinars/feed</rss>
[[Category:Female Reproduction]]
[[Category:Female Reproduction]]
[[Category:Bullet Points]]