Changes

 

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

The gallbladder stores bile produced in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]. Bile is important in the digestion of lipids.

The gall bladder stores bile produced in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]. Bile is important in the digestion of lipids.

The gallbladder forms as an outgrowth of the bile duct, as a secondary hollow at the posterior edge of the original hepatic rudiment. The gallbladder and the cyctic duct joins the common bile duct which enters the [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]] at the major duodenal papillae (with the pancreatic duct) on the dorsal surface of the [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]]

The gall bladder forms as an outgrowth of the bile duct, as a secondary hollow at the posterior edge of the original hepatic rudiment. The '''cystic duct''' joins the common bile duct which enters the [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]] at the major '''duodenal papillae''' (with the pancreatic duct) on the dorsal surface of the [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]].

==Structure==

==Structure==

[[Image:Canine Gallbladder Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Location of the Canine Gallbladder - Copyright RVC 2008]]

[[Image:Canine Gallbladder Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Location of the Canine Gallbladder - Copyright RVC 2008]]

*Lies between the right medial and quadrate lobes of the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]

The gall bladder lies between the right medial and quadrate lobes of the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]. It is partly attached and partly free.

 

*Partly attached

 

*Partly free

 

==Function==

==Function==

*Stores bile

The gall bladder stores bile and concentrates bile by absorption through the folded mucosal wall.

 

*Concentrates bile by absorption through the folded mucosal wall

 

==Innervation==

==Innervation==

*Parasympathetic nerves

The gall bladder is innervated by parasympathetic nerves.

 

 

 

[[Image:Guinea-pig Gallbladder Hsitology.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Histology of the Guinea-pig Gallbladder - Copyright RVC 2008]]

 

 

 

 

 

==Species Differences==

==Species Differences==

'''Equine'''

'''Equine'''

*The horse has no gallbladder

Equine species have no gallbladder.

'''Rodents'''

'''Rodents'''

*Rats do not have a gallbladder

 

There is no gallbladder in rats.

'''Canine'''

'''Canine'''

*Thinest layers of tunica muscularis

The gall bladder lies opposite the 8th intercostal space. It has the thinnest layers of tunica muscularis.

'''Bovine'''

'''Bovine'''

*Sheep have a less projecting gall bladder than cows

The bovine gall bladder has the thickest layers of the tunica muscularis. Sheep have a less projecting gall bladder than cows. The gallbladder lies against the 10th or 11th rib.

'''Avian'''

'''Pigeons''' and '''parrots''' lack a gallbladder.

*Pigeons and parrots lack a gallbladder

 

The gall bladder has a highly folded '''mucosa'''. It has a reduced '''submucosa''' and no '''lamina muscularis'''. The gall bladder has a simple columnar epithelium and no glands present.

==Links==

==Links==

[[Liver - gall bladder|Pathology of the Gall Bladder]]

 

|flashcards = [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards|Liver & Gall Bladder]]

|powerpoints = [[Gastrointestinal Tract Histology resource|Histology of the gall bladder - see part 2]]

|videos = [[Video: Bovine liver potcast|Bovine liver potcast]]<br>[[Video: Bovine liver potcast 2|Bovine liver potcast 2]]<br>[[Video: Ventral view of the pancreas and small intestine potcast|Ventral view of the pancreas and small intestine potcast]]<br>[[Video: Bovine pregnant uterus potcast 2|Bovine pregnant uterus potcast 2]]<br>[[Video: Ovine right-sided abdominal and thoracic dissection|Ovine right-sided abdominal and thoracic dissection]]

 

[[Category:Liver and Gall Bladder - Anatomy & Physiology]]

[[Category:A&P Done]]