Changes

==Description==

==Introduction==

Modified transudates are a type of effusion whose cell count and protein content are intermediate between a [[Transudate|transudate]] and an [[Exudate|exudate]].  In some cases, modified transudates may represent a transitional stage before the development of an exudate (as with uroabdomen, which begins as a modified transudate but develops into a chemical exudative peritonitis over time).  Modified transudates arise as a result of disruptions to the endothelium or imbalances in the [[Control of Blood Pressure & Blood Flow - Anatomy & Physiology#Capillary Fluid Shift Mechanism |'''Starling forces''']].  Common causes include:

Modified transudates are a type of effusion whose cell count and protein content are intermediate between a [[Transudate|transudate]] and an [[Exudate|exudate]].  In some cases, modified transudates may represent a transitional stage before the development of an exudate (as with uroabdomen, which begins as a modified transudate but develops into a chemical exudative peritonitis over time).  Modified transudates arise as a result of disruptions to the endothelium or imbalances in the [[Blood Pressure Physiology#Capillary Fluid Shift Mechanism |'''Starling forces''']].  Common causes include:

*'''Increased vascular hydrostatic pressure''' resulting from inappropriate activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in '''portal hypertension''' or '''congestive heart failure'''.

*'''Increased vascular hydrostatic pressure''' resulting from inappropriate activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in '''portal hypertension''' or '''congestive heart failure'''.

*'''Vasculitis''', caused by '''[[Feline Infectious Peritonitis|feline infectious peritonitis virus]]''' (FIPV) or '''neoplasia'''.  ([[Feline Infectious Peritonitis|Further discussion of the effusion encountered with FIP.]])

*'''Vasculitis''', caused by '''[[Feline Infectious Peritonitis|feline infectious peritonitis virus]]''' (FIPV) or '''neoplasia'''.  ([[Feline Infectious Peritonitis|Further discussion of the effusion encountered with FIP.]])

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| Nucleated cells  

| Nucleated cells  

| 0.3 - 5.5 x10e9/L (up to 7 x 10e9/L), of which the majority are [[Mesothelial cells|mesothelial cells]], [[Macrophages|macrophages]], non-degenerate neutrophils and small [[Lymphocytes|lymphocytes]]

| 0.3 - 5.5 x10e9/L (up to 7 x 10e9/L), of which the majority are [[Mesothelial cells|mesothelial cells]], [[Macrophages|macrophages]], non-degenerate neutrophils and small [[Lymphocytes - Introduction|lymphocytes]]

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The presence of neoplastic cells in an effusion should prompt further investigation through diagnostic imaging or exploratory surgery.

The presence of neoplastic cells in an effusion should prompt further investigation through diagnostic imaging or exploratory surgery.

[[Category:Effusions]]

[[Category:Effusions]]

[[Category:Expert_Review]]

[[Category:Expert_Review]]