Difference between revisions of "Staphylococcus spp."
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| − | # | + | <big><center>[[Infectious agents and parasites|'''BACK TO INFECTIOUS AGENTS AND PARASITES''']]</center></big> |
| + | <big><center>[[Bacteria|'''BACK TO BACTERIA''']]</center></big> | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Gram positive cocci | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[General Pathology - Oedema#Permeability type|Permeability types of pulmonary oedema]]. | ||
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| + | * Can cause haemorrhagic disease by [[General Pathology - Haemostasis#Secondary Thrombocytopenic Disease|secondary thrombocytopenic disease]]. | ||
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| + | *May infect [[Joints - inflammatory#In Sheep|joints of sheep]] or become complication of '''tick-borne fever''', also [[Joints - inflammatory#In Pigs|arthritis in pigs]], [[Joints - inflammatory#In Dogs|dyscospondylitis in dogs]] | ||
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| + | *''Staphylococcus'' spp. in [[Bacterial skin infections#Impetigo|impetigo]] | ||
| + | *In [[Bacterial skin infections#Deep pyoderma|deep pyoderma]], esp. ''S. intermedius'' | ||
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| + | ==Staphylococcus hyicus== | ||
| + | *Pigs - '''greasy pig disease''' | ||
| + | *Exudative epidermitis due to ''Staphylococcus hyicus'' is a worldwide problem in piglets. | ||
| + | *The organism can often be isolated from the mucosa and skin of healthy adult pigs, and can persist in the environment for long periods. | ||
| + | *Disease occurs only in young piglets up to about 35 days of age. | ||
| + | *Passive transfer of antibodies from immune sows and development of immunity with age appear to adequately protect against disease. | ||
| + | *Piglets from non-immune sows are predisposed. | ||
| + | *Skin trauma, such as due to fighting, allowing entry of infective organisms is also considered a risk factor in this disease. | ||
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| + | ===[[Bacterial skin infections#Greasy pig disease|Pathology]]=== | ||
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| + | ===Pathogenesis=== | ||
| + | *''Staphylococcus hyicus'' produces an exfoliative toxin of approximately 30 kDa that causes separation of cells in the upper stratum spinosum resulting in rapid intraepidermal spread of organisms. | ||
| + | *Death of affected piglets is common and is attributed to dehydration, septicemia, or both. | ||
| + | *This porcine disorder has been likened to “scalded skin syndrome” in human neonates, due to skin infection by exfoliative toxin-producing ''Staphylococcus aureus''. | ||
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| + | ===Differential diagnosis=== | ||
| + | *mange (Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis) | ||
| + | *swine parakeratosis (zinc and essential fatty acid deficiency) | ||
| + | *porcine juvenile pustular psoriasiform dermatitis (collarettes or rings typically on the ventrum of young pigs) | ||
| + | *dermatosis vegetans (associated with a giant cell pneumonia) | ||
| + | *dermatophytosis (most commonly Microsporum nanum) | ||
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| + | ==Staphylococcus aureus== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * May cause [[Intestines - disease due to pathogens#Staphylococcus|gastroenteritis]] in small animals. | ||
| + | *[[Muscles - inflammatory#Botryomycosis|Botryomycosis]] in muscles | ||
| + | *In botryomycosis in [[Bacterial skin infections#Bacterial granulomatous dermatitis|skin]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Overview=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Commensals on skin and mucous membranes of animals and man | ||
| + | *Opportunistic pyogenic infections | ||
| + | *Coagulase-positive 'S. aureus'' and ''S. intermedius'' as well as ''S. hyicus'' are important pathogens of animals | ||
| + | *Comparatively stable in environment | ||
Revision as of 14:43, 20 July 2008
- Gram positive cocci
- Can cause haemorrhagic disease by secondary thrombocytopenic disease.
- May infect joints of sheep or become complication of tick-borne fever, also arthritis in pigs, dyscospondylitis in dogs
- Staphylococcus spp. in impetigo
- In deep pyoderma, esp. S. intermedius
Staphylococcus hyicus
- Pigs - greasy pig disease
- Exudative epidermitis due to Staphylococcus hyicus is a worldwide problem in piglets.
- The organism can often be isolated from the mucosa and skin of healthy adult pigs, and can persist in the environment for long periods.
- Disease occurs only in young piglets up to about 35 days of age.
- Passive transfer of antibodies from immune sows and development of immunity with age appear to adequately protect against disease.
- Piglets from non-immune sows are predisposed.
- Skin trauma, such as due to fighting, allowing entry of infective organisms is also considered a risk factor in this disease.
Pathology
Pathogenesis
- Staphylococcus hyicus produces an exfoliative toxin of approximately 30 kDa that causes separation of cells in the upper stratum spinosum resulting in rapid intraepidermal spread of organisms.
- Death of affected piglets is common and is attributed to dehydration, septicemia, or both.
- This porcine disorder has been likened to “scalded skin syndrome” in human neonates, due to skin infection by exfoliative toxin-producing Staphylococcus aureus.
Differential diagnosis
- mange (Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis)
- swine parakeratosis (zinc and essential fatty acid deficiency)
- porcine juvenile pustular psoriasiform dermatitis (collarettes or rings typically on the ventrum of young pigs)
- dermatosis vegetans (associated with a giant cell pneumonia)
- dermatophytosis (most commonly Microsporum nanum)
Staphylococcus aureus
- May cause gastroenteritis in small animals.
- Botryomycosis in muscles
- In botryomycosis in skin
Overview
- Commensals on skin and mucous membranes of animals and man
- Opportunistic pyogenic infections
- Coagulase-positive 'S. aureus and S. intermedius as well as S. hyicus are important pathogens of animals
- Comparatively stable in environment