Difference between revisions of "Chinchilla Reproduction - Anatomy & Physiology"

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== MALE ==
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<big><center>[[Reproductive System|'''BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM''']]</center></big>
  
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=== Scrotum and Testes ===
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<big><center>[[Reproductive_System#Small_Domestic_Mammals|'''BACK TO SMALL DOMESTIC MAMMALS''']]</center></big>
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= MALE =
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== Scrotum and Testes ==
 
* Only a very slight scrotal region is visible externally (no true scrotum).
 
* Only a very slight scrotal region is visible externally (no true scrotum).
 
* Thin-walled '''scrotal diverticula''' extend cranially on either side of the base of the penis.
 
* Thin-walled '''scrotal diverticula''' extend cranially on either side of the base of the penis.
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=== Accessory Sex Glands===
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== Accessory Sex Glands==
  
  
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==== Vesicular Glands ====
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=== Vesicular Glands ===
 
* Very long and tubular.
 
* Very long and tubular.
  
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==== Prostate Gland ====
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=== Prostate Gland ===
  
 
* Paired large ventral lobes and paired small dorsal lobes.
 
* Paired large ventral lobes and paired small dorsal lobes.
  
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==== Bulbourethral Glands ====
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=== Bulbourethral Glands ===
  
 
* Dorsolateral to '''ischiocavernosus muscles'''.
 
* Dorsolateral to '''ischiocavernosus muscles'''.
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** Ischiocavernosus muscles are enormous, swelling on either side of the rectum and meeting over its top.
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** IscHiocavernosus muscles are enormous, swelling on either side of the rectum and meeting over its top.
  
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=== Penis ===
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== Penis ==
  
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* Penis points caudally when relaxed and cranially when [[Erection - Anatomy & Physiology|erect]].
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* Penis points caudally when relaxed and cranially when [[Reproductive_Behaviour_-_Erection_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|erect]].
 
* 1.5cm in length
 
* 1.5cm in length
 
* '''Sigmoid flexure'''
 
* '''Sigmoid flexure'''
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=== Copulation ===
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== Copulation ==
  
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* [[Spermatogenesis_and_Spermiation_- Anatomy & Physiology|Spermatogenesis]] occurs at about 2-3 months.
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* [[Male_Reproductive_Tract_-Spermatogenesis_and_Spermiation_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology&action|Spermatogenesis]] occurs at about 2-3 months.
 
* Copulatory maturity is not until about 8 months.
 
* Copulatory maturity is not until about 8 months.
 
* Breeds all year round.
 
* Breeds all year round.
 
* '''Copulatory plug''' at mating.
 
* '''Copulatory plug''' at mating.
  
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== FEMALE ==
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----
  
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=== Reproductive Tract ===
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= FEMALE =
  
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* [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|Ovaries]] are just caudolateral to the [[Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|kidneys]].
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== Reproductive Tract ==
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* [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology#Anatomical_Types_of_Uteri|Bicornuate duplex uterus]].
 
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* [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|Uterine lumena]] do not fuse. 
 
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** The two uterine horns continue into seperate [[Cervix - Anatomy & Physiology|cervices]]
 
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** Open separately into a single [[Vagina and Vestibule - Anatomy & Physiology|vagina]].
 
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* Membrane covers [[Vagina and Vestibule - Anatomy & Physiology|vaginal]] opening except at oestrus and during [[Normal Parturition - Anatomy & Physiology|parturition]].
 
  
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=== Puberty and Sexual Maturity ===
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* [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Ovary_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|Ovaries]] are just caudolateral to the [[Kidney_-_Comparative_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|kidneys]].
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* [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Uterus_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Anatomical_Types_of_Uteri|Bicornuate duplex uterus]].
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* [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Uterus_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|Uterine lumena]] do not fuse. 
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** The two uterine horns continue into seperate [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Cervix_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|cervices]]
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** Open separately into a single [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Vagina/Vestibule_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|vagina]].
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* Membrane covers [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Vagina/Vestibule_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|vaginal]] opening except at oestrus and during [[Reproductive_System#Parturition|parturition]].
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== Puberty and Sexual Maturity ==
  
 
* '''Puberty''' at ~8 months
 
* '''Puberty''' at ~8 months
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=== Oestrous Cyclicity ===
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== Oestrous Cyclicity ==
  
 
* In the Northern Hemisphere the breeding season is November-May.
 
* In the Northern Hemisphere the breeding season is November-May.
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=== Gestation and Offspring===
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== Gestation and Offspring==
  
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==== Gestation ====
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=== Gestation ===
  
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* Long gestation period: 111 days.
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* Long [[Reproductive_System#Gestation|gestation]] period: 111 days.
  
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==== Litter ====
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=== Litter ===
  
 
* Litter size 1-6
 
* Litter size 1-6
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** Weaning age is 6 weeks.
 
** Weaning age is 6 weeks.
  
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=== Mammary Gland ===
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== Mammary Gland ==
  
 
* Three pairs
 
* Three pairs
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** Two lateral thoracic
 
** Two lateral thoracic
 
* Teats protrude sideways, allowing the young to sit beside the dam and suckle.
 
* Teats protrude sideways, allowing the young to sit beside the dam and suckle.
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[[Category:Small Mammal Reproduction]]
 
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[[Category:Bullet Points]]
 

Revision as of 08:42, 23 July 2008

BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
BACK TO SMALL DOMESTIC MAMMALS



MALE

Scrotum and Testes

  • Only a very slight scrotal region is visible externally (no true scrotum).
  • Thin-walled scrotal diverticula extend cranially on either side of the base of the penis.
  • Each diverticulum is occupied by the tail of the epididymis.
  • On either side of the anus are two postanal sacs.
    • Caudal epididymis can lie in the postanal sacs.
  • Testes and head of the epididymis is in the region of the inguinal ring.
  • Large fat body extends cranially into the abdominal cavity from the cranial pole of each testis.


Accessory Sex Glands

Vesicular Glands

  • Very long and tubular.

Prostate Gland

  • Paired large ventral lobes and paired small dorsal lobes.

Bulbourethral Glands

  • Dorsolateral to ischiocavernosus muscles.
    • IscHiocavernosus muscles are enormous, swelling on either side of the rectum and meeting over its top.

Penis

  • Penis points caudally when relaxed and cranially when erect.
  • 1.5cm in length
  • Sigmoid flexure
  • Os penis in the distal portion.
    • The small supporting bone is known as the baculum.


Copulation

  • Spermatogenesis occurs at about 2-3 months.
  • Copulatory maturity is not until about 8 months.
  • Breeds all year round.
  • Copulatory plug at mating.

FEMALE

Reproductive Tract


Puberty and Sexual Maturity

  • Puberty at ~8 months
    • Puberty can be same year as birth, but if the chinchilla is born late in the year it will not reach puberty until the next breading season.


Oestrous Cyclicity

  • In the Northern Hemisphere the breeding season is November-May.
  • Seasonally polyoestrus with a mean cycle of ~40 days.
  • Post-partum oestrus.
    • Often two litters per year, three are possible.
  • Breeding life is ~10 years.


Gestation and Offspring

Gestation

Litter

  • Litter size 1-6
  • Precocious offspring
    • Weaning age is 6 weeks.

Mammary Gland

  • Three pairs
    • One inguinal pair
    • Two lateral thoracic
  • Teats protrude sideways, allowing the young to sit beside the dam and suckle.
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