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Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 12:58, 30 July 2008
, 12:58, 30 July 2008no edit summary
===Temporal Bone===
===Temporal Bone===
*
*Composed of squamous, petrosal and tympanic parts
*Lateral wall of the cranial cavity
*Articulates with the frontal, pareital and sphenoid bones
*Zygomatic process
**On squamous part
**Joins the temporal process of the zygomatic bone to form the zygomatic arch
**Forms the articulating surface of the [[Mastication#Jaw Articulation|temperomandibular joint]]
*Articular tubercle present
*Mandibular fossa present
*Occipital process and retrotympanic process surrounds the external acoustic meatus
*Petrosal part encloses the inner ear
**Internal acoustic meatus present
**Forms mastoid process ventrally
**Styloid process present which attaches the [[Hyoid Apparatus - Anatomy & Physiology|hyoid apparatus]]
**Stylomastoid foramen present
*Tympanic part is the ventral section of the temporal bone
**Tympanic bulla present
**Tympanic membrane separates tympanic cavity from external acoustic meatus
**Encloses auditory ossicle dorsally
**Musculotubal canal where tensors of the [[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology#Musculature and Innervation|soft palate]] originate
===Frontal Bone===
===Frontal Bone===
*Alar Canal
*Alar Canal
**Rostral border of the basisphenoid bone at the base of the pterygoid processes
**Rostral border of the basisphenoid bone at the base of the pterygoid processes
*Internal Acoustic Meatus
**Medial surface of the petrosal part of the temporal bone
*Stylomastoid Foramen
**Situated on the petrosal part of the temporal bone
==Species Differences==
==Species Differences==
*No foramen lacernum
*No foramen lacernum
*Styloid process absent
[[Image:Lion skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Feline skull (Lion) - Copyright RVC]]
[[Image:Lion skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Feline skull (Lion) - Copyright RVC]]
===Feline===
===Feline===
*No foramen lacernum
*No foramen lacernum
*Styloid process absent
[[Image:Horse Skeleton.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Horse Skeleton - Copyright Nottingham]]
[[Image:Horse Skeleton.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Horse Skeleton - Copyright Nottingham]]
*No foramen lacernum
*No foramen lacernum
*Petrosal and tympanic parts of the temporal bone fused to the squamous part
[[Image:Pig skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Pig skull showing tusks - Copyright RVC]]
[[Image:Pig skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Pig skull showing tusks - Copyright RVC]]
===Porcine===
===Porcine===
*High caudal part of the skull
*High caudal part of the skull
*Styloid process absent
[[Image:Bird skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Bird skull - Copyright RVC]]
[[Image:Bird skull.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Bird skull - Copyright RVC]]
===Avian===
===Avian===