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= The Mating Process =
 
= The Mating Process =
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* Male will approach with tail held high, head and neck extended towards the female.
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* Female should tolerate the approaching male.
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* The male will ''''orgle'''', the unique gutteral call of mating.
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* Female will ''''kush'''' (lie down) immediately or when he mounts her if she is receptive.
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* Male positions himself tightly over her hind-quarters, with his forelimbs clasped around her chest.
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* Copulation may last ~30 minutes.
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** Sometimes the female lies down with her head outstretched, and occasionally will lie on one side.
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** Male may dismount, reposition himself, and begin again.  Occasionally he will get up and move away before recommencing.
    
== Rejection ==
 
== Rejection ==
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* Typically the female spits vigorously at the male to discourage his approach.
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* Experienced stud males may be insistent, and if the female has enough space she will run from him.
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** Receptive females may run initially, then allow themselves to be caught.
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* Males are uninterested in non-receptive females.
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** May sniff females of the herd in turn and ignore the non-receptive ones.
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* Triggered by high progesterone levels in the female.
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** With a persistent corpus luteum, she will continue to reject the male even if she is not pregnant.
    
= Timing of Mating =
 
= Timing of Mating =
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