Difference between revisions of "Arcanobacter pyogenes"
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| + | ===Characteristics=== | ||
| + | *Formerly known as ''Actinomyces pyogenes'' and ''Corynebacterium pyogenes'' | ||
| + | *Small facultatively anaerobic rod | ||
| + | *Grows slowly on blood agar to produce small, white colonies surrounded by a zone of beta-haemolysis after 48 hours | ||
| + | *Produces hazy haemolysis after 24 hours; pin-point colonies after 48 hours | ||
| + | *Coryneform morphology, like Chinese characters; may be curved with slightly swollen ends | ||
| + | *Found in nasopharyngeal mucosa and genital tract of cattle, sheep, pigs | ||
| − | # | + | ===Pathogenicity=== |
| + | |||
| + | *Opportunistic infections following injury or viral/mycoplasma infection in ruminants and pigs | ||
| + | *Extracellular toxins including haemolysin, proteases, DNase and neurominidase | ||
| + | *Haemolytic toxin, pyolysin, member of the thiol-activated cytolysins (pore-forming toxins); possibly cytotoxic to phagocytic cells; dermonecrotising activity | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ===Clinical infections=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Suppurative infections | ||
| + | *Abscesses especially in liver | ||
| + | *Lymphadenitis, [[Bones Inflammatory - Pathology#Osteomyelitis|osteomyelitis]], peritonitis and neural abscessation | ||
| + | *Pyometra | ||
| + | *Endometritis | ||
| + | *Summer mastitis | ||
| + | *Ovine foot disease | ||
| + | *[[Joints - inflammatory#In Sheep|Arthritis]] of sheep post-dipping; [[Joints - inflammatory#In Pigs|arthritis in pigs]] and [[Joints - inflammatory#In Cattle|arthritis in cattle]] | ||
| + | *Umbilical infections | ||
| + | *[[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Acute exudative pneumonia|Acute exudative pneumonia]] and contributes to [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Enzootic pneumonia of calves|Enzootic pneumonia of calves]] | ||
| + | *May cause [[Muscles - inflammatory#Abscesses|myositis]] | ||
| + | *Unclassified ''Actinomyces'' species isolated from closed cases of [[Bursae and Tendons - inflammatory#Poll Evil and Fistulous Withers|Poll Evil and Fistulous Withers]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ===Treatment=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Penicillin or broad spectrum antibiotics | ||
Revision as of 19:25, 18 August 2008
Characteristics
- Formerly known as Actinomyces pyogenes and Corynebacterium pyogenes
- Small facultatively anaerobic rod
- Grows slowly on blood agar to produce small, white colonies surrounded by a zone of beta-haemolysis after 48 hours
- Produces hazy haemolysis after 24 hours; pin-point colonies after 48 hours
- Coryneform morphology, like Chinese characters; may be curved with slightly swollen ends
- Found in nasopharyngeal mucosa and genital tract of cattle, sheep, pigs
Pathogenicity
- Opportunistic infections following injury or viral/mycoplasma infection in ruminants and pigs
- Extracellular toxins including haemolysin, proteases, DNase and neurominidase
- Haemolytic toxin, pyolysin, member of the thiol-activated cytolysins (pore-forming toxins); possibly cytotoxic to phagocytic cells; dermonecrotising activity
Clinical infections
- Suppurative infections
- Abscesses especially in liver
- Lymphadenitis, osteomyelitis, peritonitis and neural abscessation
- Pyometra
- Endometritis
- Summer mastitis
- Ovine foot disease
- Arthritis of sheep post-dipping; arthritis in pigs and arthritis in cattle
- Umbilical infections
- Acute exudative pneumonia and contributes to Enzootic pneumonia of calves
- May cause myositis
- Unclassified Actinomyces species isolated from closed cases of Poll Evil and Fistulous Withers
Treatment
- Penicillin or broad spectrum antibiotics