Difference between revisions of "Type II Hypersensitivity"
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| + | {{toplink | ||
| + | |backcolour = FFE4E1 | ||
| + | |linkpage =Immunology - WikiBlood | ||
| + | |linktext =IMMUNOLOGY | ||
| + | |sublink1 =Hypersensitivity - WikiBlood | ||
| + | |subtext1 =HYPERSENSITIVITY | ||
| + | |pagetype =Blood | ||
| + | }} | ||
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| + | [[Image:Type II Hypersensitivity.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Type II Hypersensitivity-Brian Catchpole RVC 2008]] | ||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | Production of [[Immunoglobulin M|IgM]] or [[Immunoglobulin G|IgG | + | Production of [[Immunoglobulin M - WikiBlood|IgM]] or [[Immunoglobulin G - WikiBlood|IgG] to cell surface antigens or extracellular matrix proteins. |
==Mechanism== | ==Mechanism== | ||
| + | |||
''' "Neutralisation" blockade of receptors:''' | ''' "Neutralisation" blockade of receptors:''' | ||
| − | * Antibodies attach to receptors | + | * Antibodies attach to receptors which prevents other molecules attaching. |
* For example in myasthenia gravis antibodies attach to acetylcholine receptors which in turn prevents acetylcholine from attaching to the receptor and thus muscle contraction of that cell does not occur. | * For example in myasthenia gravis antibodies attach to acetylcholine receptors which in turn prevents acetylcholine from attaching to the receptor and thus muscle contraction of that cell does not occur. | ||
| + | |||
''' Immunological attack on target cells, destroying them by (see diagram):''' | ''' Immunological attack on target cells, destroying them by (see diagram):''' | ||
| − | [[Adaptive Immunity to Viruses|1. Antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC)]] | + | [[Adaptive Immune System - WikiBlood#Adaptive Immunity to Viruses|1. Antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC)]] |
| − | * [[Pemphigus|Pemphigus vulgaris]] | + | * [[Autoimmune Diseases - WikiBlood#5. Pemphigus Vulgaris|Pemphigus vulgaris]] |
| − | * [[Bullous Pemphigoid|Bullous pemphigoid]] | + | * [[Autoimmune Diseases - WikiBlood#4. Bullous Pemphigoid|Bullous pemphigoid]] |
| − | 2. [[Complement|Complement]] mediated lysis | + | 2. [[Complement - WikiBlood|Complement]] mediated lysis |
| − | * Self [[Erythrocytes|RBC]] antigen: | + | * Self [[Erythrocytes - WikiBlood|RBC]] antigen: |
| − | ** [[Immune Mediated Haemolytic Anaemia|Immune mediated haemolytic anaemia]] | + | ** [[Autoimmune Diseases - WikiBlood#1. Immune Mediated Haemolytic Anaemia (IMHA)|Immune mediated haemolytic anaemia]] |
| − | * Foreign [[Erythrocytes|RBC]]: | + | * Foreign [[Erythrocytes - WikiBlood|RBC]]: |
** Blood transfusion reaction | ** Blood transfusion reaction | ||
| − | ** [[ | + | ** [[Materno-fetal immunity - WikiBlood#Alloimmune haemalytic anaemia of the newborn|Materno-fetal immunity - WikiBlood|Haemolytic disease of new born (Rhesus disease in humans and neonatal isoerythrolysis in foals and kittens)]] |
* RBC parasite: | * RBC parasite: | ||
** Feline infectious anaemia (''Mycoplasma haemofelis'') | ** Feline infectious anaemia (''Mycoplasma haemofelis'') | ||
3. Phagocytosis | 3. Phagocytosis | ||
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Revision as of 16:37, 29 August 2008
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Introduction
Production of IgM or [[Immunoglobulin G - WikiBlood|IgG] to cell surface antigens or extracellular matrix proteins.
Mechanism
"Neutralisation" blockade of receptors:
- Antibodies attach to receptors which prevents other molecules attaching.
- For example in myasthenia gravis antibodies attach to acetylcholine receptors which in turn prevents acetylcholine from attaching to the receptor and thus muscle contraction of that cell does not occur.
Immunological attack on target cells, destroying them by (see diagram):
1. Antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC)
2. Complement mediated lysis
3. Phagocytosis