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Species Differences in Laryngeal Structure (view source)
Revision as of 11:53, 1 September 2008
, 11:53, 1 September 2008New page: ===Equine=== *Fusion of the two plates of the thyroid cartilage is incomplete forming a rostral pointing notch which is a good site for surgical entry into the larynx *Thyroarytenoid musc...
===Equine===
*Fusion of the two plates of the thyroid cartilage is incomplete forming a rostral pointing notch which is a good site for surgical entry into the larynx
*Thyroarytenoid muscle is divided into 2 parts- rostral and caudal vocalis which are situated within the vocal folds and vestibular folds
*Cuneiform processes attached to [[Epiglottis|epiglottis]]
*Prominance (surgical landmark) rostral to opening in thyroid cartilage
===Canine===
*Thyroarytenoid muscle is divided into 2 parts- rostral and caudal vocalis which are situated within the vocal folds and vestibular folds
*Laryngeal ventricles present
===Feline===
*Thick vocal folds
*Purring due to vibration of vocal folds (and of the diaphragm) by rapid twitching of laryngeal muscles
*Very sensitive mucosa making intubation tricky
===Ruminants===
*Thyroid cartilage completely ventral
*Small median ventricle is present in sheep and goats
*Narrow glottic cleft making intubation difficult
*Close to the median retropharyngeal lymph node so enlargement of the lymph nodes may compress the larynx as well as the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]]
===Porcine===
*Small laryngeal ventricle present
*Double corniculate process in arytenoid cartilages
*Stimulation of laryngeal mucosa can results in violent laryngeal spasm
===Avian===
*No vocal folds
*Sound in the bird is produced in the [[Syrinx - Anatomy & Physiology|syrinx]]
*Larynx on [[Hyoid Apparatus - Anatomy & Physiology|hyoid apparatus]]
*Paired arytenoids, one constrictor and one dilator muscle only
*No [[Epiglottis|epiglottis]]
*Fusion of the two plates of the thyroid cartilage is incomplete forming a rostral pointing notch which is a good site for surgical entry into the larynx
*Thyroarytenoid muscle is divided into 2 parts- rostral and caudal vocalis which are situated within the vocal folds and vestibular folds
*Cuneiform processes attached to [[Epiglottis|epiglottis]]
*Prominance (surgical landmark) rostral to opening in thyroid cartilage
===Canine===
*Thyroarytenoid muscle is divided into 2 parts- rostral and caudal vocalis which are situated within the vocal folds and vestibular folds
*Laryngeal ventricles present
===Feline===
*Thick vocal folds
*Purring due to vibration of vocal folds (and of the diaphragm) by rapid twitching of laryngeal muscles
*Very sensitive mucosa making intubation tricky
===Ruminants===
*Thyroid cartilage completely ventral
*Small median ventricle is present in sheep and goats
*Narrow glottic cleft making intubation difficult
*Close to the median retropharyngeal lymph node so enlargement of the lymph nodes may compress the larynx as well as the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]]
===Porcine===
*Small laryngeal ventricle present
*Double corniculate process in arytenoid cartilages
*Stimulation of laryngeal mucosa can results in violent laryngeal spasm
===Avian===
*No vocal folds
*Sound in the bird is produced in the [[Syrinx - Anatomy & Physiology|syrinx]]
*Larynx on [[Hyoid Apparatus - Anatomy & Physiology|hyoid apparatus]]
*Paired arytenoids, one constrictor and one dilator muscle only
*No [[Epiglottis|epiglottis]]