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Coccidia (view source)

Revision as of 10:18, 6 January 2009

12 bytes added , 10:18, 6 January 2009

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*All species are host specific

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*Sporulated oocyst ~~conatins~~ 2 sporocysts each with 4 sporozoites

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*Sporulated oocyst contains 2 sporocysts each with 4 sporozoites

**Oocyst measures 20-50μm

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*After oocysts are ingested, sporozoites are released which penetrate the intestinal epithelium

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*2 asexual phases of multiplication called ~~schizongony~~ occur followed by a ~~phases~~ of sexual multiplication called ~~gametogeny~~

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*2 asexual phases of multiplication called schizogony occur followed by a phase of sexual multiplication called gametogony

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*Zygote develops an oocyst which is shed in the faeces

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*Zygote develops into an oocyst which is then shed in the faeces

**Oocyst measures 20-30μm

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**''Eimeria brunetti''

**All highly pathogenic

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**Form large sub-epithelial second generation ~~schizontsat~~ the base of intestinal crypts

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**Form large sub-epithelial second generation schizonts at the base of intestinal crypts

**Deep eruptions form when cells rupture to release merozoites

**Destruction of crypt stem cells and marked haemorrhage

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**Region of intestine affected

**Appearance of lesion

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**Presence or ~~adsence~~ of haemorrhage

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**Presence or absence of haemorrhage

**Size of schizonts and oocysts found in mucosal scrapings

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*[[Vaccines - WikiBlood|Vaccines]]

**Paracox

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***Multivalent attenuated [[Vaccines - WikiBlood#What antigen(s) do we use in the vaccine?|live vaccine]] for ~~replcement~~ layers and broilers

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***Multivalent attenuated [[Vaccines - WikiBlood#What antigen(s) do we use in the vaccine?|live vaccine]] for replacement layers and broilers

***Contains 7 live strains of ''Eimeria''

***Lack the most pathogenic life cycle stage making the prepatent period shorter

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*Several ''Eimeria'' species

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*Another coccidia species which produces 8 sporozoites ~~which~~ are not enclosed in a sporocyst

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*Another coccidia species which produces 8 sporozoites but these are not enclosed in a sporocyst

*Causes severe enteritis and mortality in ducklings

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**Endogenous stages in connective tissue of lamina propria of the lower [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and in the epithelial cells of the [[Caecum - Anatomy & Physiology|caecum]] and [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]]

**More pathogenic than ''Eimeria bovis''

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**Causes blood stained ~~dysentry~~, tenesmus and sloughed mucosa

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**Causes blood stained dysentery, tenesmus and sloughed mucosa

**Oocysts are spherical and measure 16μm

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*Mainly occurs in calves in poor conditions and ~~brought~~-in calves

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*Mainly occurs in calves in poor conditions and bought-in calves

**Also occurs in suckler calves turned out in spring

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**Improve sanitation

**Increase bedding

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**Raise ~~faecal~~ and water troughs to avoid faecal contamination

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**Raise food and water troughs to avoid faecal contamination

*Preventative in-feed medication

**E.g. Decoquinate

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*~~Injectible~~ antiprotozoals may limit oocyst production but animals should still be moved to a clean environment

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*Injectable antiprotozoals may limit oocyst production but animals should still be moved to a clean environment

**E.g. Sulphamethoxypyridazine

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==Coccidia of Horses==

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*Only one atypical ''~~Eiemria~~''

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*Only one atypical ''Eimeria''

*Forms large subepithelial gametocytes in villi

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