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Gingival Hyperplasia (view source)

Revision as of 16:10, 11 August 2009

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*Generalised
 
*Generalised
 
*Combinations of the above
 
*Combinations of the above
 +
 
It is thought to be the result of an imbalance in the plaque/host tissue response. There are many factors that can cause this condition. These include the following:
 
It is thought to be the result of an imbalance in the plaque/host tissue response. There are many factors that can cause this condition. These include the following:
 
*Drug-induced
 
*Drug-induced
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**Neoplasm
 
**Neoplasm
 
**Mechanical irritation
 
**Mechanical irritation
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  −
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===Clinical Signs===
 
===Clinical Signs===
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Depend on the severity and extent of the stricture but include:
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Depend on the severity of gingival hyperplasia and the degree to which the teeth are covered but include:
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*Regurgitation shortly after feeding (may then attempt to re-ingest the regurgitant)
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*pain on mastication
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*Anorexia
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*haemorrhage (mild to moderate)
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*Weight loss
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*reluctance to eat
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*Malnutrition
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*drooling
−
*Ptyalism
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*dysphagia
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*Aspiration pneumonia (with associated pulmonary signs such as wheezing and crackling on lung auscultation)
  −
*Liquid food better tolerated than solid food.
      
===Diagnostic Imaging===
 
===Diagnostic Imaging===
−
Fibrosing strictures must be differentiated from vascular ring anomalies, oesophagitis, intraluminal and extraluminal masses. This can be done with survey and contrast radiography, endoscopy and ultrasonography.
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Oral radiographs should be taken to rule out concurrent conditions. One such condition is periodontitis which is demonstrated radiographically by alveolar bone loss associated with pocket formation between the tooth crown and gingiva.
   −
Survey radiographs are usually unremarkable in animals with benign oesophageal strictures. Barium contrast radiography is normally diagnostic of the disorder and may demonstrate:
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===Biopsy===
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*Segmental or diffuse narrowing of the oesophagus
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Samples should include those areas of gingiva that show signs of inflammation with a softer than normal texture. Any gingiva with radiographic signs of bone involvement should also be sampled.
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*Oesphageal dilatation proximal to the site of the stricture
     −
Ultrasonography is not usually useful in diagnosing small benign strictures but may visualise those caused by mass compression.
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==Treatment==
   −
Oesophagoscopy is used for a definitive diagnosis. It should be used to confirm the site and severity of the stricture and also to exclude the presence of an intraluminal mass.
        −
==Treatment==
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The suspected cause of the condition should be corrected first. This may include a multimodal treatment plan aimed at controlling plaque formation
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  −
The suspected cause (ie.Oesphagitis)should be corrected first.
   
Oral feedings should be withdrawn in patients with severe stricture or oesophagitis. An oesophagostomy tube may be placed in these cases to provide nutritional support.
 
Oral feedings should be withdrawn in patients with severe stricture or oesophagitis. An oesophagostomy tube may be placed in these cases to provide nutritional support.
  
Mfield
561

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