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The filarial worms are of great importance in human medicine in the tropics, causing diseases such as elephantitis and river blindness, but their veterinary interest is limited - with the important exception of ''Dirofilaria'', the canine heartworm, which is a major cause of morbidity and death in warmer, humid regions (including parts of the USA, Australia, southern Europe etc.).
== General Appearance ==
*Non-bursate
*Typically, they are long (up to 12cm or more), but filamentous
*Live in connective tissues
**The most important veterinary species is ''Dirofilaria immitis'' which lives in the right heart and pulmonary arteries
== General Life-Cycle ==
*The females of most species do not produce eggs, but instead they produce motile embryos ('''microfilariae''')
*Female worm → microfilariae → accumulate in blood or tissue fluid
→ taken up by biting arthropod intermediate host
→ L1 → L2 → L3
→ enters wound
→ larvae develop and migrate to predilection site in final host
[[Dirofilaria immitis]]
[[Onchocerca spp.]]
[[Parafilaria spp.]]
[[Setaria spp.]]
[[Elaeophora scheideri]]
[[Stephanofilaria spp.]]
*''Filaroides osleri'' causes infection in [[Respiratory Parasitic Infections - Pathology#Filaroides osleri|trachea]]in gogs
[[Category:Non-Bursate Nematodes]]
[[Category:Non-Bursate Nematodes]]