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| − | ==Candidosis==
| + | [[Candidosis]] |
| − | [[Image:Sour Crop.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Sour Crop - Copyright Professor Andrew N. Rycroft, BSc, PHD, C. Biol.F.I.Biol., FRCPath]] | |
| − | [[Image:Candida.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Candida - Copyright Professor Andrew N. Rycroft, BSc, PHD, C. Biol.F.I.Biol., FRCPath]]
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| − | [[Image:Candida in vivo.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Candida in vivo - Copyright Professor Andrew N. Rycroft, BSc, PHD, C. Biol.F.I.Biol., FRCPath]]
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| − | *''Candidia albicans'' is the most important species
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| − | **''C. tropicalis'' and ''C. pelliculosa'' are other important species
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| − | *World wide distribution
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| − | *Usually an endogenous mycoses
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| − | *Noramlly present on [[Skin - Anatomy & Physiology|skin]], [[Female Reproductive Tract -The Vagina/Vestibule - Anatomy & Physiology|vagina]] and in the [[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|GI tract]]
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| − | *Immunocompromised animals may show symptoms
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| − | *Usually lesions on mucous membranes and at mucocutaneous junctions
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| − | *Many species have been implicated in bovine [[Mastitis|mastitis]]
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| − | *''C. albicans'' has been isolated in porcine stomach ulcers
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| − | *''C. rugosa'' has been implicated in pyometra in mares
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| − | *Infection of the [[Crop- Anatomy and Physiology|crop]], [[Crop- Anatomy and Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[The Avian Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|mouth]] occur in poultry and other birds leading to '''sour crop'''
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| − | **White-grey lesions in mouth which adhere loosly to the mucous membrane
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| − | **[[Crop- Anatomy and Physiology|Crop]] wall may be thickened
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| − | **[[Crop- Anatomy and Physiology|Crop]] wall may be covered by a yellow-white necrotic material
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| − | **Underlying tissue is inflammed
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| − | *Causes thrush in humans
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| − | *''C. albicans'' causes metritis and vaginitis in mares and genital candidiosis in stallions (and bulls)
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| − | *Skin scrapings in 20% KOH for microscopy
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| − | *Diphtheritic membranes, pus and fluids can be examined by Lactophenol Cotton Blue and stained by Gram or Methylene Blue stain
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| − | *Gram positive, oval, thin-walled budding cells with hyphal fragments
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| − | *Grow on Blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar producing soft, creamy colonies in 24-48 hours
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| − | *Grossly:
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| − | **Exudative, papular, pustular to ulcerative dermatitis
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| − | **Stomatitis and otitis externa may develop
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| − | *Microscopically:
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| − | **Spongiotic neutrophilic pustular inflammation
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| − | **Parakeratosis
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| − | **Ulcerations
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| − | **Superficial exudate containing organisms
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| − | *''Candida'' spp. in [[Mycotic skin infections - Pathology#Candidiasis|candidiasis]]
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| | ==Cryptococcosis== | | ==Cryptococcosis== |