|
|
| (21 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | {{unfinished}}
| + | #REDIRECT[[:Category:Yeast-like Fungi]] |
| − | | |
| − | {{toplink
| |
| − | |backcolour =
| |
| − | |linkpage =Fungi
| |
| − | |linktext =FUNGI
| |
| − | |pagetype=Bugs
| |
| − | }}
| |
| − | <br>
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Candidosis==
| |
| − | | |
| − | *''Candidia albicans'' is the most important species
| |
| − | **''C. tropicalis'' and ''C. pelliculosa'' are other important species
| |
| − | | |
| − | *World wide distribution
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Usually an endogenous mycoses
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Noramlly present on skin, vagina and in the [[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|GI tract]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Immunocompromised animals may show symptoms
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Usually lesions on mucous membranes and at mucocutaneous junctions
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Many species have been implicated in bovine mastitis
| |
| − | | |
| − | *''C. albicans'' has been isolated in porcine stomach ulcers
| |
| − | | |
| − | *''C. rugosa'' has been implicated in pyometra in mares
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Infection of the crop, oesophagus and mouth occur in poultry and other birds leading to 'sour crop'
| |
| − | **White-grey lesions in mouth which adhere loosly to the mucous membrane
| |
| − | **Crop wall may be thickened
| |
| − | **Crop wall may be covered by a yellow-white necrotic material
| |
| − | **Underlying tissue is inflammed
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Causes thrush in humans
| |
| − | | |
| − | *''C. albicans'' causes metritis and vaginitis in mares and genital candidiosis in stallions (and bulls)
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Skin scrapings in 20% KOH for microscopy
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Diphtheritic membranes, pus and fluids can be examined by Lactophenol Cotton Blue and stained by Gram or Methylene Blue
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Gram positive, oval, thin-walled budding cells with hyphal fragments
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Grow on blood agar and Sabouraud's Dextrose agar producing soft, creamy colonies in 24-48 hours
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Grossly:
| |
| − | **Exudative, papular, pustular to ulcerative dermatitis
| |
| − | **Stomatitis and otitis externa may develop
| |
| − | *Microscopically:
| |
| − | **Spongiotic neutrophilic pustular inflammation
| |
| − | **Parakeratosis
| |
| − | **Ulcerations
| |
| − | **Superficial exudate containing organisms
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Cryptococcosis==
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Geotrichosis==
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==''Malassezia pachydermidis''==
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Caused by [[Fungi|''Malassezia pachydermatis'']]
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Normally present in oily areas on the external ear canal and skin in dogs
| |
| − | **Some strains have been recovered from the ear canal of cats
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Bottle-shaped, small budding cells, non-mycelial
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Gram stain shows purple yeast cells with a very wide base
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Grow on Sabouraud's Dextrose agar in 2 weeks of incubation at room temperature
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Greenish discolouration on blood agar
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Clinical disease may cause yeast to proliferate and cause infection
| |
| − | *Grossly:
| |
| − | **Regional lesions: muzzle, ears, interdigital, perianal
| |
| − | **Or generalised disease
| |
| − | **Erythematous, hyperpigmented, [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|lichenified]] and scaly lesions with alopecia
| |
| − | *Microscopically:
| |
| − | **[[Skin Glossary - Pathology|hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis]]
| |
| − | **Spongiotic pustular dermatitis
| |
| − | **[[Skin Glossary - Pathology|Acanthosis]]
| |
| − | **Organisms are usually present, minimum 3-5 yeasts per high-power field must be found to imply cause of disease
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==''Rhodotorula''==
| |
| − | | |
| − | *''Rhodotorula minuta'' and ''R. rubra''
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Canine ear infections
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Equine uterus
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Seldom seen in animal infections
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==''Torulopsis glabrata''==
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Commensal in animals and is found in the soil
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Implicated in cases of:
| |
| − | **Pyelonephritis, pneumonia, septicaemia and meningitis (humans)
| |
| − | **Mastitis and abortion in cattle
| |
| − | **Systemic infection of monkeys and dogs
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Trichosporonosis==
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Found in soil
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Deuteromycetes yeast
| |
| − | | |
| − | *''Trichosporonosis beigelii''
| |
| − | **Implicated in feline nasal granuloma, [[Mycotic skin infections - Pathology#Superficial mycoses|skin infections]] in horses and monkeys, mastitis in cattle and sheep and in feline bladder infections
| |
| − | | |
| − | *''T. capitum'' implicated in bovine mastitis
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Further Links==
| |
| − | | |
| − | *[[Mycotic skin infections - Pathology]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | *''Cryptococcus neoformans'' causes granulomatous [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|rhinitis]] in cats, see [[Respiratory Fungal Infections - Pathology#In Cats|respiratory infections]]
| |
| − | * ''Candida'' is an opportunistic pathogen at mucus membranes, causing thrush.
| |
| − | *''Blastomyces dermatitidis'' in [[Respiratory Fungal Infections - Pathology#Blastomycosis|blastomycosis in lungs]]
| |
| − | *''Histoplasma capsulatum'' in [[Respiratory Fungal Infections - Pathology#Histoplasmosis|histoplasmosis in lungs]]
| |
| − | *''Candida'' spp. in [[Mycotic skin infections - Pathology#Candidiasis|candidiasis]]
| |
| − | *''Malassezia pachydermis'' in [[Mycotic skin infections - Pathology#Malassezia dermatitis|malassezia dermatitis]]
| |