|
|
| (13 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | {{OpenPagesTop}}
| + | #REDIRECT[[Mycoplasma hyosynoviae]] |
| − | {{Taxobox
| |
| − | |name = ''Mycoplasma hyorhinis''
| |
| − | |phylum = Firmicutes
| |
| − | |class = Mollicutes
| |
| − | |order = Mycoplasmatales
| |
| − | |family = Mycoplasmataceae
| |
| − | |genus = [[:Category:Mycoplasmas|Mycoplasma]]
| |
| − | }}
| |
| − | Also Known As: ''''' Mycoplasma arthritis — Mycoplasma septicaemia — Mycoplasmal Polyserositis'''''
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Introduction==
| |
| − | ''Mycoplasma hyorhinis'' is a common [[Bacteria |bacterial]] '''commensal''' of pig’s respiratory tracts and an occasional cause of '''polyarthritis and polyserositis''' in young pigs.
| |
| − | | |
| − | ''M. hyorhinis'' is commonly associated with other pathogens, exacerbating and facilitating disease, especially ''[[Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae]]'', the principal cause of [[Enzootic Pneumonia - Pigs]], ''[[Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae]]'' and ''[[Arcanobacterium pyogenes]]''.
| |
| − | | |
| − | ''M. hyorhinis'' is also implicated in many severe cases of [[Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome]].
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Pathogenesis==
| |
| − | Clinical Disease is most common in '''young pigs under 10 weeks old'''.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Antigens persist in the tissues, especially the joints, long after infection has resolved, stimulating '''auto-immune mechanisms''' which further damage the joints, causing damage which may be permanent.
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Clinical signs==
| |
| − | The main presentation is as a chronic '''progressive polyserositis''' in pigs under 10 weeks old. '''Lameness and swollen joints''' are common and congenital arthrogryposis may be seen in young stock.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Fever usually accompanies clinical signs and animals often have a rough, dull, staring hair coat. '''Laboured breathing and tachycardia''' are non-specific cardiorespiratory signs.
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''Aural discharge''' with a foul odour represents otitis and may result in deafness. Otitis media may cause a head tilt and vestibular signs.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Dysphagia and vomiting/regurgitation are less common but significant. Other neurological and ocular signs may be also present .
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Serofibrinous pleurisy, pericarditis and peritonitis''' are pathological features of ''M. hyorhinis''.
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Diagnosis==
| |
| − | '''Joint fluid, synovial membranes and samples from the pleura, pericardium and peritoneum''' can be used for '''culture''' of ''M. hyorhinis''.
| |
| − | | |
| − | [[FAT|Immunofluorescent Antibody Testing ]]'''(IFAT)''' is also possible. [[Complement Fixation]] and [[Haemagglutination]] can be performed for serological diagnosis but are not widely available.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Antibodies can be detected in serum and synovial fluid, but not until 6 weeks post-infection.
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Treatment==
| |
| − | A variety of antibiotics are effective, including '''tetracycline, tiamulin, enrofloxacin, tylosin and lincomycin.'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | {{Learning
| |
| − | |flashcards = [[Mycoplasma hyorhinis Flashcards|''Mycoplasma hyorhinis'' Flashcards]]
| |
| − | }}
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ==References==
| |
| − | <references/>
| |
| − | {{CABI source
| |
| − | |datasheet = [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=74547&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 ''Mycoplasma hyorhinis'' infections]
| |
| − | |date =15 June 2011
| |
| − | }}
| |
| − | <br><br><br>
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | {{review}}
| |
| − | | |
| − | {{OpenPages}}
| |
| − | | |
| − | [[Category:Mycoplasmas]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Pig Bacteria]][[Category:Musculoskeletal Diseases - Pig]]
| |
| − | [[Category:CABI Expert Review]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]]
| |