Difference between revisions of "Arcanobacter pyogenes"

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===Characteristics===
 
  
*Formerly known as ''Actinomyces pyogenes'' and ''Corynebacterium pyogenes''
 
*Small facultatively anaerobic rod
 
*Grows slowly on blood agar to produce small, white colonies surrounded by a zone of beta-haemolysis after 48 hours
 
*Produces hazy haemolysis after 24 hours; pin-point colonies after 48 hours
 
*Coryneform morphology, like Chinese characters; may be curved with slightly swollen ends
 
*Found in nasopharyngeal mucosa and genital tract of cattle, sheep, pigs
 
  
  
===Pathogenicity===
+
#REDIRECT[[Arcanobacterium pyogenes]]
 
 
*Opportunistic infections following injury or viral/mycoplasma infection in ruminants and pigs
 
*Extracellular toxins including haemolysin, proteases, DNase and neurominidase
 
*Haemolytic toxin, pyolysin, member of the thiol-activated cytolysins (pore-forming toxins); possibly cytotoxic to phagocytic cells; dermonecrotising activity
 
 
 
 
 
===Clinical infections===
 
 
 
*Suppurative infections
 
*Abscesses especially in liver
 
*Lymphadenitis, [[Bones - inflammatory#Osteomyelitis|osteomyelitis]], peritonitis and neural abscessation
 
*Pyometra
 
*Endometritis
 
*Summer mastitis
 
*Ovine foot disease
 
*[[Joints - inflammatory#In Sheep|Arthritis]] of sheep post-dipping; [[Joints - inflammatory#In Pigs|arthritis in pigs]] and [[Joints - inflammatory#In Cattle|arthritis in cattle]]
 
*Umbilical infections
 
*[[Bacterial infections#Acute exudative pneumonia|Acute exudative pneumonia]] and contributes to [[Bacterial infections#Enzootic pneumonia of calves|Enzootic pneumonia of calves]]
 
*May cause [[Muscles - inflammatory#Abscesses|myositis]]
 
*Unclassified ''Actinomyces'' species isolated from closed cases of [[Bursae and Tendons - inflammatory#Poll Evil and Fistulous Withers|Poll Evil and Fistulous Withers]]
 
 
 
 
 
===Treatment===
 
 
 
*Penicillin or broad spectrum antibiotics
 

Latest revision as of 11:02, 17 May 2010