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| − | {{toplink
| + | #REDIRECT[[:Category:Oropharynx - Pathology]] |
| − | |backcolour =BCED91
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| − | |linkpage =Alimentary System - Pathology
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| − | |linktext =Alimentary System
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| − | |maplink = Alimentary System (Content Map) - Pathology
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| − | |pagetype =Pathology
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| − | }}
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| − | <br>
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| − | ==Introduction==
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| − | See [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|anatomy and physiology of the oral cavity]]
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| − | ==Defence Mechanisms==
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| − | ==Developmental Pathology==
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| − | ==Erosive & Ulcerative Pathology==
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| − | ==Vesicular Pathology==
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| − | ==Neutrophilic Inflammation==
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| − | ==Granulomatous and pyogranulomatous Inflammation==
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| − | ==Eosinophilic Inflammation==
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| − | ==Necrotizing Inflammation==
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| − | ==Lymphocytic and plasmacytic Inflammation==
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| − | ==Immune Mediated Pathology==
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| − | ===Autoimmune===
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| − | ===Hypersensitivity===
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| − | ==Proliferative Pathology==
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| − | ===Hyperplastic===
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| − | ===Papular===
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| − | ===Neoplastic===
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| − | ====Adenomas====
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| − | [[Image:dogpap1.gif|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Oral Papilloma Neoplasia in Dog (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]] | |
| − | *Adenomas are unusual but may develop in oropharyngeal salivary tissue.
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| − | ====Melanomas====
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| − | *Melanomas can arise anywhere in the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] and are almost invariably malignant with early and widespread metastasis.
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| − | *Many are poorly pigmented or even amelanotic and may only be distinguished from squamous carcinomas by histological examination.
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| − | ====Papillomas====
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| − | *The common benign epithelial tumour of the [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oropharynx]] is the papilloma, which is very often caused by infection with certain types of species-specific papilloma viruses.
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| − | ====Squamous cell Carcinoma====
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| − | [[Image:cowpap1.gif|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Papilloma and Squamous Cell Carninoma of Epiglottis (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]
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| − | *Squamous cell carcinomas are the malignant equivalent of the papilloma and may arise anywhere within the [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oropharynx]].
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| − | **Those arising over the tonsil (squamous carcinoma of the tonsil or tonsillar carcinoma) are '''very malignant''', invading adjacent tissues and metastasising early.
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| − | **Squamous carcinomas of the [[Tongue - Pathology|tongue]] (especially in '''cats''') can also behave in a very malignant fashion. Those at more rostral sites, e.g. on the incisor gingivae, are less likely to metastasise early although they may be locally aggressive.
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| − | **Squamous cell carcinomas of the [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oropharynx]] in cattle are commonly seen as part of an [[Oesophagus - Pathology#Upper Alimentary Tract Carcinoma Complex|upper alimentary tract carcinoma complex]].
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| − | ====Other Neoplasms====
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| − | [[Image:fibrosarc.gif|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Fibrosarcoma (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]
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| − | *Both benign and malignant connective tissue tumours do occur,
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| − | **e.g. fibroma, fibrosarcoma, osteoma, osteosarcoma.
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| − | ==Degenerative Pathology==
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| − | ==Metabolic Pathology==
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| − | ==Nutritional Pathology==
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| − | ==Traumatic Pathology==
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| − | ===Stick injuries in dog===
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| − | *Sticks may damage to pharynx with oedema and swelling in [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] and secondary infection.
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| − | *Pieces of wood may remain embedded in back of throat resulting in chronic inflammation.
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| − | *Can kill dog.
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| − | ==Vascular Pathology==
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| − | ==(Other)==
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| − | ==Learning Tools==
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| − | [[Alimentary Flashcards - Pathology#Oropharynx Flashcards|Oropharynx Flashcards]]
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