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===Intussusception===
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===[[Intussusception]]===
[[Image:intussusception.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Diagram of intussuscception (Courtesy of Elspeth Milne)]]
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* Telescoping of one segment of the bowel into another.
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* Occurs in all species.
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** Particularly in young dogs.
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* Can occur in the [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]], [[Caecum - Anatomy & Physiology|caecum]] or [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]].
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====Clinical====
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* Intussusception is a less acute type of obstruction. 
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* Produces intermittent [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]].
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* Animals go downhill in a few days. 
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* Palpation of abdomen may allow a "Cumberland sausage" effect to be felt.
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** NB abdominal palpation in small animal, rectal palpation in large animal.
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====Pathogenesis====
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* Proximal intestine invaginates into lower part of intestine.[[Image:intussuceptionphoto.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Intersusception (Courtesy of Bristol BioMed Image Archive)]]
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** Takes mesenteric attachment with it.
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* Compression of the mesenteric vessels obstructs venous drainage of the gut, resulting in venous congestion.
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** Swelling (oedema/congestion) arises.
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*** Inflammatory exudate from serous surface.
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**** Fibrinous adhesions form between surfaces making structure irreducible.
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* May progress to necrosis and gangrene of the tissue.
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* There is often functional obstruction to bowel.
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* May rupture, leading to peritonitis and death.
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*Associated with anything that raises peristalsis e.g. change in diet, bacterial infection.
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** Foreign body
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** Intramural abscess/tumour
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** Heavy parasitism
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** Previous intestinal surgery
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** Enteritis
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** Other motility disorders.
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** Change in diet
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** Bacterial infection
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====Pathology====
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* When operate or at post mortem see large sausage shaped distension of length of intestine.
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* Intussusception may occur post mortem
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** There are no associated changes
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** The condition is easilt reducible.
      
===Rectal prolapse===  
 
===Rectal prolapse===  
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