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===Swine erysipelas===
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===[[Swine Erysipelas]]===
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*Carrier pigs act as reservoir of infection
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*Organisms excreted in faeces of acutely-affected pigs
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*Ingestion of contaminated food and water, or via skin abrasions
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*Clinical outcome depends on susceptibility of pigs and virulence of strain
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*Pigs susceptible after maternal antibody waned (after 3 months) and before protective immunity acquired (3 years)
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*Change in diet, extremes of temperature and fatigue thought to predispose to infection
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*Septicaemic form:
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**Acute; incubation period 2-3 days
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**Pigs found dead, febrile, depressed, recumbent or with stilted gait
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**Mortality high
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**Pregant sows abort
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*Cutaneous form:
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**Diamond skin lesions
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**Fewer systemic signs, mortality rates lower
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**Pigs febrile with small, pink/purple raised areas or extensive diamond-shaped plaques over skin
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**Lesions may resolve within a week, or become necrotic and slough
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*Arthritis:
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**Older pigs, chronic
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**Stiffness, lameness, non-weight bearing on affected limbs
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**Joint lesions with erosion of articular cartilage, fibrosis and ankylosis
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**Strong impact on productivity
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*Chronic valvular endocarditis:
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**Vegetatic thrombosis of mitral valves
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**Asymptomatic or congestive heart failure and sudden death with stress
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*Diagnosis:
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**Diamond-shaped skin lesions
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**Haematology and post mortem, especially liver, [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]], heart valves, synovial tissues
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**Slender Gram-positive rods on microscopy of acute lesions; filamentous forms in chronic lesions and smears
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**No growth on MacConkey agar
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**Colonial characteristics and biochemical tests
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*Treatment:
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**Penicillin and tetracyclines for acute infections
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**Hyperimmune serum
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*Control:
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**Hygience
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**Cull chronic cases
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**Isolate affected pigs
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**Live attenuated or inactivated vaccines
      
===Turkey erysipelas===
 
===Turkey erysipelas===
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*Occasional joint and heart disease after haematogenous spread if untreated
 
*Occasional joint and heart disease after haematogenous spread if untreated
 
[[Category:Bacteria miscellaneous]][[Category:Gram_positive_bacteria]][[Category:Rods]][[Category:Pig]][[Category:Sheep]][[Category:Poultry]]
 
[[Category:Bacteria miscellaneous]][[Category:Gram_positive_bacteria]][[Category:Rods]][[Category:Pig]][[Category:Sheep]][[Category:Poultry]]
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[[Category:To_Do_-_Bacteria]]
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