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| − | {{unfinished}}
| + | #REDIRECT[[Equine Viral Arteritis]] |
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| − | ====Antigenicity====
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| − | *Most cases are subclinical and only '''antibody positive'''
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| − | ====Hosts====
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| − | *More common in '''thoroughbreds'''
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| − | ====Pathogenesis====
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| − | *Infects nasopharynx and spreads locally, causing:
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| − | **Dypsnoea
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| − | **Coughing
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| − | **Diarrhoea
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| − | **Colic
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| − | *Spread to lymphoid tissue leads to '''leukopenia''' and '''immunosuppression'''
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| − | *Typical '''medial necrosis of arteries''' causing:
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| − | **Hemorrhage
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| − | **Abortions occur after 10-30 days in 50% of pregnant mares (as opposed to Equine Herpes, which shows late abortions)
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| − | **Oedema - particularly ocular, giving rise to "pink eye"
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| − | *Other clinical signs include:
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| − | **Pyrexia
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| − | **Nettle rashes
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| − | **Ocular and nasal discharge
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| − | **Swelling of legs or scrotum
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| − | **Stiffness of gait
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| − | *'''Foal death''' caused by '''interstitial pneumonia'''
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| − | *Stallions become intermittent or persistent '''shedders''' from [[Male Reproductive Tract -Accessory Sex Glands - Anatomy & Physiology|accessory sex glands]] but may show no clinical signs
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| − | ====Epidemiology====
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| − | *Controlled virus in the UK but AI and breeding schemes presents a real risk
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| − | ====Diagnosis====
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| − | *Clinical symptoms, but may be variable
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| − | *'''PCR''' on '''semen'''
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| − | *'''ELISA''' for serum '''antibody'''
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| − | ====Control====
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| − | *'''Vaccines''':
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| − | **Stallions: '''Live attenuated'''
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| − | **Mares: '''Killed whole virus'''
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| − | *Clinical disease is '''NOTIFIABLE'''
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| − | **Seropositive stallions restricted from teasing, mating or AI unless PCR tested negative
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| − | **Persistent shedders should be castrated
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| − | *Serology on imported horses
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| − | *Mares tested within 4 weeks of mating
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| − | *In an outbreak, isolate and restrict movement until antibody-negative for one month
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| − | [[Category:Arteriviridae]][[Category:Horse]]
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