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====Prevention====
 
====Prevention====
 
=====Prophylaxis=====
 
=====Prophylaxis=====
A killed vaccine, developed using ''S.neurona'' merozoites, was conditionally licensed for use in horses<ref>Saville, W.J.A, Reed, S.M, Dubey, J.P (2002) Prevention of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis
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A killed vaccine, developed using ''S.neurona'' merozoites, was conditionally licensed for use in horses.<ref>Saville, W.J.A, Reed, S.M, Dubey, J.P (2002) Prevention of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis
 
(EPM). ''Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the AAEP'', 48:181-185.</ref>  The vaccine proved to be ineffective in the prevention of EPM and has since been removed from the market.<ref name="Furr">Furr, M (2010) ''Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>  There is evidence to suggest that the antiprotozoal, ponazuril, may be useful prophylactically to reduce the incidence and severity of clinical signs.<ref>Furr, M, MacKenzie, H, Dubey, J.P (2006) Pretreatment of horses with ponazuril limits infection and neurologic signs resulting from S.neurona.  ''J Parasitol'', 92:637-643.  In: Furr, M (2010) ''Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>  Implementing such a regime prior to and during stressful events may be beneficial, although the cost is likely to be prohibitive.<ref name="Furr">Furr, M (2010) ''Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
 
(EPM). ''Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the AAEP'', 48:181-185.</ref>  The vaccine proved to be ineffective in the prevention of EPM and has since been removed from the market.<ref name="Furr">Furr, M (2010) ''Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>  There is evidence to suggest that the antiprotozoal, ponazuril, may be useful prophylactically to reduce the incidence and severity of clinical signs.<ref>Furr, M, MacKenzie, H, Dubey, J.P (2006) Pretreatment of horses with ponazuril limits infection and neurologic signs resulting from S.neurona.  ''J Parasitol'', 92:637-643.  In: Furr, M (2010) ''Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>  Implementing such a regime prior to and during stressful events may be beneficial, although the cost is likely to be prohibitive.<ref name="Furr">Furr, M (2010) ''Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis'' in Reed, S.M, Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C (2010) '''Equine Internal Medicine''' (Third Edition), ''Saunders'', Chapter 12.</ref>
  
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