Oesophageal neoplasia is very rare, accounting for less than 0.5% of all neoplasia in dogs. It has a higher incidence in the areas where ''Spirocerca lupi'', a [[Helminths|helminth parasite]], is endemic in Africa and the south-eastern USA. The most commonly reported forms of neoplasm are: | Oesophageal neoplasia is very rare, accounting for less than 0.5% of all neoplasia in dogs. It has a higher incidence in the areas where ''Spirocerca lupi'', a [[Helminths|helminth parasite]], is endemic in Africa and the south-eastern USA. The most commonly reported forms of neoplasm are: |