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Most warm-blooded animals are susceptible to bovine TB and can act as a reservoir for infection. The disease in cattle has been associated with wildlife species in a number of countries; the European badger and red deer in the UK, opossums and ferrets in New Zealand, mule deer, white-tailed deer, elk, and bison in North America and water buffalo in Australia.
Most warm-blooded animals are susceptible to bovine TB and can act as a reservoir for infection. The disease in cattle has been associated with wildlife species in a number of countries; the European badger and red deer in the UK, opossums and ferrets in New Zealand, mule deer, white-tailed deer, elk, and bison in North America and water buffalo in Australia.
==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
The intradermal comparative tuberculin test is widely used in the UK for diagnosis of the disease. Two injections are given subcutaneously in the neck of cattle, one is '''avian''' and the second '''bovine''' '''tuberculin purified protein derivative''' (PPD. The thickness of the skin is recorded at each injection site. The test is read after '''72 hours''', and the thickness of the skin is remeasured. Interpretation is based on finding a swelling or increase in skin thinkness at the site of the injection. A comparison must be made between the reaction to avian and the bovine tuberculin to account for cross reactivity with related diseases, such as atypical mycobacteriosis, or [[Johne's Disease|Johne's disease]].
The intradermal comparative tuberculin test is widely used in the UK for diagnosis of the disease. Two injections are given subcutaneously in the neck of cattle, an '''avian''' and a '''bovine''' '''tuberculin purified protein derivative''' (PPD). The thickness of the skin is recorded at each injection site. The test is read after '''72 hours''', and the thickness of the skin is remeasured. Interpretation is based on finding a swelling or increase in skin thinkness at the site of the injection. A comparison must be made between the reaction to avian and the bovine tuberculin to account for cross reactivity with related diseases, such as atypical mycobacteriosis, or [[Johne's Disease|Johne's disease]].
A single intradermal test is used in many countries but has the disadvantage of giving reactors to avian tuberculosis and Johne's disease.
A single intradermal test is used in many countries but has the disadvantage of giving reactors to avian tuberculosis and Johne's disease.