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==Description==

==Description==

'''Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)''' is an idiopathic group of disorders characterised by intestinal inflammatory changes, associated with persistent or recurrent gastrointestinal signs.  IBD can affect any part of the intestines and is classified according to the predominant cellular inflammatory infiltration.  Several histological types have been recognised, which are:

'''Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)''' is an idiopathic group of disorders characterised by intestinal inflammatory changes, associated with persistent or recurrent gastrointestinal signs.  IBD can affect any part of the intestines and is classified according to the predominant cellular inflammatory infiltration.  Several histological types have been recognised, which are: [[Enteritis, Lymphocytic - Plasmacytic |Lymphocytic - Plasmacytic Enteritis]] (LPE) and [[Enteritis, Eosinophilic |Eosinophilic Enteritis]] (EE).

*[[Enteritis, Lymphocytic - Plasmacytic |Lymphocytic - Plasmacytic Enteritis]] (LPE)

*[[Enteritis, Eosinophilic |Eosinophilic Enteritis]] (EE)

There is no underlying cause of IBD in 75% of cases.  They are thought to reflect an exaggerated or inappropriate response by the immune system to dietary, bacterial or self-antigens.  IBD is a diagnosis of exclusion.  Other differential diagnoses have to be investigated and ruled out before a diagnosis of IBD can be made.

There is no underlying cause of IBD in 75% of cases.  They are thought to reflect an exaggerated or inappropriate response by the immune system to dietary, bacterial or self-antigens.  IBD is a diagnosis of exclusion.  Other differential diagnoses have to be investigated and ruled out before a diagnosis of IBD can be made.

==Diagnosis==

==Diagnosis==

===Clinical Signs===

===Clinical Signs===

*'''[[Vomiting|Vomiting]]'''; very common in cat, more common than diarrhoea

[[Vomiting|Vomiting]]is a very common sign in the cat, more common than diarrhoea. Where as in the dog [[Diarrhoea|Diarrhoea]]; very common more so than vomiting and usually small intestinal. Nearly all cases of chronic small intestinal disease present with weight loss and a variable appetite. Lethargy and anorexia are also common in severe cases.

*'''[[Diarrhoea|Diarrhoea]]'''; very common in dog, more common than vomiting, usually small intestinal

[[Antibiotic Responsive Diarrhoea|Antibiotic responsive diarrhoea]]

*'''Weight loss'''; nearly all cases of chronic small intestinal disease

Animals often display abdominal discomfort or pain and excessive borborygmi. Lethargy, anorexia, haematemesis or haematochezia are present in more severe cases.

*Variable appetite; increased or decreased which relates to severity

Hypoproteinaemia or ascites may also be evident.

*Lethargy; common in severe cases

 

*Anorexia; common in severe cases

*[[Antibiotic Responsive Diarrhoea|Antibiotic responsive diarrhoea]]

*Abdominal discomfort or pain

*Excessive borborygmi

*Haematemesis or haematochezia (more severe cases)

*Hypoproteinaemia or ascites