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<big>'''[[Fungal Structure]]
−'''[[Types of Fungi]]
−'''[[Fungal Reproduction]]
−'''[[Immunity to Fungi]]</big>
−=Major pathogenic fungi=
−'''Superficial''': These infections affect only the skin, hair, nails etc.
−*Generally not dangerous
−*Examples- ''Hortaea werneckii'', causing tinea nigra, and ''Piedraia hortae'', causing black piedra
−'''Cutaneous''': including [[Dermatophytosis|'''dermatophytoses''']]
−*Only affect superficial keratinized tissue- skin, hair and nails
−*Again generally not dangerous
−*Examples- ''Candida albicans'', causing candidiasis of the skin and nails and ''Microsporum'' species
−[[Subcutaneous Mycoses|'''Subcutaneous''']]: Usually cause chronic localised infections of the skin and underlying dermis
−*Normally reside in soil and vegetation, entering the skin through cuts and grazes
−*Can occasionally affect the deep tissues, e.g. bones and muscles
−*Examples- ''Sporothrix schenkii'', causing sporotrichosis, ''Madurella mycetomatis'' causing mycetoma
−[[Systemic Mycoses|'''Systemic''']]: Also known as '''deep''', '''endemic''' or '''primary'''
−*Usually serious
−*Sometimes fatal
−*Examples- ''Histoplasma capsulatum'' causing histoplasmosis, ''Blastomyces dermatitidis''causing blastomycosis
−'''Opportunistic''': Ubiquitous fungi that affect only susceptible hosts; immunocompetent individuals are normally resistant
−*Examples- ''Aspergillus fumigatus'', causing aspergilliosis, ''Cryptococcus neoformans'', causing cryptococcosis
−=Further Links=
−*[[Fungi Flashcards - WikiBugs|Fungi Flashcards]]
−==Fungal Diseases==
−<ncl style=compact maxdepth=3 headings=bullet headstart=2 showcats=1 showarts=1>Category:{{PAGENAME}}</ncl>
There are many different organisms in the fungal lineage which include mushrooms, rusts, smuts, puffballs, truffles, morels, moulds and yeasts, as well as many lesser known organisms. fungi are eukaryotic and heterotrophic organisms which posess a chitinous cell wall. Sexual and asexual reproduction of the fungi is commonly via spores, often produced on specialized structures or in fruiting bodies. Some species have lost the ability to form reproductive structures, and propagate solely by vegetative growth.
There are many different organisms in the fungal lineage which include mushrooms, rusts, smuts, puffballs, truffles, morels, moulds and yeasts, as well as many lesser known organisms. fungi are eukaryotic and heterotrophic organisms which posess a chitinous cell wall. Sexual and asexual reproduction of the fungi is commonly via spores, often produced on specialized structures or in fruiting bodies. Some species have lost the ability to form reproductive structures, and propagate solely by vegetative growth.
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==Introduction==
==Introduction==
−Fungi are abundant in soil, vegetation, water and on decaying material and wood. Fungi have a eukaryotic cell structure and are able to grow as branching or filamentous forms (mycelia) or as single cells (yeasts).
Fungi are abundant in soil, vegetation, water and on decaying material and wood. Fungi have a eukaryotic cell structure and are able to grow as branching or filamentous forms (mycelia) or as single cells (yeasts).
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Although there are over 50,000 identified species of fungi, only a few hundred are known to be pathogenic, causing infections known as '''mycoses''' (mycology being the study of fungi). Fungi are nonphotosynthetic organisms (lack chlorophyll) which are restricted to a parasitic or saprophytic existence. They are abundant in soil, vegetation, water and on decaying vegetation and wood. Fungi have a eukaryotic cell structure and are able to grow as branching or filamentous forms (mycelia) or as single cells (yeasts).
Although there are over 50,000 identified species of fungi, only a few hundred are known to be pathogenic, causing infections known as '''mycoses''' (mycology being the study of fungi). Fungi are nonphotosynthetic organisms (lack chlorophyll) which are restricted to a parasitic or saprophytic existence. They are abundant in soil, vegetation, water and on decaying vegetation and wood. Fungi have a eukaryotic cell structure and are able to grow as branching or filamentous forms (mycelia) or as single cells (yeasts).
−==References==
==References==
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*Carter and Chengappa: '''Essentials of Veterinary Bacteriology and Mycology''', Fourth edition[[Category:Infectious_Agents]]
*Carter and Chengappa: '''Essentials of Veterinary Bacteriology and Mycology''', Fourth edition[[Category:Infectious_Agents]]
+[[Category:To Do - Fungi]]
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+==Test yourself with the Fungi Flashcards==
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+[[Fungi_Flashcards_-_WikiBugs|Fungi Flashcards]]