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==Description==

==Description==

'''Leptospirosis''' is an infective disease caused by the bacteria [[Leptospira]]. There are a number of serovars of the bacteria which vary in their pathogenesis and host specificity. ''L.bratislava'' and ''L.pomona'' are both host adapted to swine and are the most common cause of clinical leptospirosis in pigs. Other serovars which are host adapted to other species can also cause disease in pigs: ''L.icterohaemorrhagiae'' transmitted by rats, ''L.canicola'' by dogs,'' L.grippotyphosa'' by wildlife and rarely ''L.hardjo'' by cattle. Transmission is via urine of infected animals, persistence in the environment relies on soil moisture and water ways. Venereal transmission from carrier boars and sows is also responsible for infection and maintenence of the disease

'''Leptospirosis''' is an infective disease caused by the bacteria [[Leptospira]]. There are a number of serovars of the bacteria which vary in their pathogenesis and host specificity. ''L.bratislava'' and ''L.pomona'' are both host adapted to swine and are the most common cause of clinical leptospirosis in pigs. Other serovars which are host adapted to other species can also cause disease in pigs: ''L.icterohaemorrhagiae'' transmitted by rats, ''L.canicola'' by dogs,'' L.grippotyphosa'' by wildlife and rarely ''L.hardjo'' by cattle. Transmission is via urine of infected animals, persistence in the environment relies on soil moisture and water ways. Venereal transmission from carrier boars and sows is also responsible for infection and maintenance of the disease

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

* Late term abortion

* Late term abortion

* Still birth  

* Still birth  

* Infertily

* Infertility

   

   

==Treatment==

==Treatment==

Treatment with antibiotics such as oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and ampicillin are effective for chronic cases. Early treatment for acute cases with antibiotics may be successful, a blood transfusion may also be needed if anaemia is severe.  

Treatment with antibiotics such as oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and ampicillin are effective for chronic cases. Early treatment for acute cases with antibiotics may be successful; a blood transfusion may also be needed if anaemia is severe.  

In an outbreak the whole herd should be treated with appropriate antibiotics to reduce shedding of the organism in the urine. Depopulation and disinfection of the premisses may ne necessary in some cases.<br>

In an outbreak the whole herd should be treated with appropriate antibiotics to reduce shedding of the organism in the urine. Depopulation and disinfection of the premises may ne necessary in some cases.<br>

A vaccine exists in the USA but is not available in the UK; the protection provided is short lived, it minimises but does not eliminate clinical disease in all cases.

A vaccine exists in the USA but is not available in the UK; the protection provided is short lived, it minimises but does not eliminate clinical disease in all cases.

[[Category:Pig]]

[[Category:Pig]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_lizzyk]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_lizzyk]]