Changes

==Description==

==Description==

Epiploic foramen entrapment in the horse refers to a displacement of small intestine through a small hole or foramen that separates the omental bursa from the peritoneal cavity. This form of obstruction accounts for between 2% and 8% of horses undergoing exploratory laparotomy for colic. The borders of the epiploic foramen are made up of the vena cava, hepatic portal vein, liver and pancreas.

Epiploic foramen entrapment in the horse refers to a displacement of small intestine through a small hole or foramen that separates the omental bursa from the peritoneal cavity. This form of obstruction accounts for between 2% and 8% of horses undergoing exploratory laparotomy for colic.  

 

The borders of the epiploic foramen are made up of the vena cava, hepatic portal vein, liver and pancreas. Most

right side of the abdomen. The ileum and the jejunum are the most commonly incarcerated portions of small intestine.  

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

==Clinical signs==

==Clinical signs==

The presentation of this condition is similar to that of other strangulating lesions such as small intestinal volvulus. Horses with epiploic foramen entrapment frequently exhibit acute onset and severe abdominal pain that is usually non-responsive to analgesia. This is often characterised by clinical signs including rolling, pawing at the ground, flank watching and kicking at the abdomen. Other clinical signs may include tachycardia, tachypnoea, prolonged capillary refill time and congested mucous membranes. A rare feature of the condition is sudden death due to rupture of the portal vein and subsequent haemorrhage.

The presentation of this condition is similar to that of other strangulating lesions such as small intestinal volvulus. Horses with epiploic foramen entrapment frequently exhibit acute onset and severe abdominal pain that is usually non-responsive to analgesia. This is often characterised by clinical signs including rolling, pawing at the ground, flank watching and kicking at the abdomen. Other clinical signs may include tachycardia, tachypnoea, reduced borborygmy. Signs of endotoxaemia may be present including prolonged capillary refill time and congested mucous membranes. A rare feature of the condition is sudden death due to rupture of the portal vein and subsequent haemorrhage.

==Diagnosis==

==Diagnosis==

==References==

==References==

*Bentz, B. (2004) '''Understanding Equine Colic''' ''Eclipse Press''

*Bentz, B. (2004) '''Understanding Equine Colic''' ''Eclipse Press''

*Orsini, J. A., Divers, T. (2007) '''Equine Emergencies: Treatment and Procedures''' ''Elsevier Health Sciences''

*Orsini, J. A., Divers, T. (2007) '''Equine Emergencies: Treatment and Procedures''' ''Elsevier Health Sciences''

*Radostits, O. M., Arundel, J. H., Gay, C. C. (2000) '''Veterinary Medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and horses''' ''Elsevier Health Sciences''

*Radostits, O. M., Arundel, J. H., Gay, C. C. (2000) '''Veterinary Medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and horses''' ''Elsevier Health Sciences''

'''[[Colic, Medical Treatment|Medical Treatment of Colic in Horses]]'''</big>  

'''[[Colic, Medical Treatment|Medical Treatment of Colic in Horses]]'''</big>  

*Inguinal canal

*Inguinal canal