Changes

==Description==

==Description==

Hepatic abscessation occurs most commonly in cattle and is associated with a roughage-deficient or high concentrate diet. The disease is a common cause of economic losses due to reduced production efficiency and carcass condemnation or trimming.  

Hepatic abscessation occurs most commonly in cattle and is associated with a roughage-deficient or high concentrate diet. The disease is an important cause of economic losses due to reduced production efficiency and carcass condemnation or trimming.  

==Pathogenesis==

==Pathogenesis==

==Treatment==

==Treatment==

If hepatic abscesses have been diagnosed and located it is possible to consider antibiotic or surgical therapy.

If hepatic abscesses have been diagnosed and located it is possible to consider antibiotic or surgical therapy. Penicillin treatment may be successful in cows with smaller, hypoechoic abscesses but recurrence of disease is common unless treatment is given for 4 weeks or longer. Successful surgical treatment has been described but the prognosis is poor for animals with large, hyperechoic abscesses that have caused clinical signs.

==References==

==References==