Difference between revisions of "Lizard Periodontal Disease"
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| − | Periodontal disease is common in lizards, especially [[Chameleon|chameleons]] and [[Lizard Classification|agamids]]. Periodontal disease is a significant cause of morbidity in captive lizards that have been fed an inappropriate [[ | + | Periodontal disease is common in lizards, especially [[Chameleon|chameleons]] and [[Lizard Classification|agamids]]. Periodontal disease is a significant cause of morbidity in captive lizards that have been fed an inappropriate [[Reptile Diet Composition|diet]] (i.e. soft, wet, often overly fruitbased diet). A natural diet with adequate texture will prevent plaque buidup on teeth and keep bacteria from colonising. However when tartar accumulates, it causes an inflammatory response and periodontal disease eventually occurs. Osteomyelitis (focal or multifocal) of the mandible or maxilla may be the final outcome. This disease is more common in species with [[Lizard Gastrointestinal System|acrodont]] dentition. It is also often mistaken for stomatitis. |
'''Clinical signs''' include: | '''Clinical signs''' include: | ||
*Facial swelling of the maxillae or mandible | *Facial swelling of the maxillae or mandible | ||
*Dental tartar | *Dental tartar | ||
| − | *Gingivitis (gingival erythema) | + | *[[Lizard Gingivitis|Gingivitis]] (gingival erythema) |
*Loosening or loss of teeth | *Loosening or loss of teeth | ||
*Dental calculus | *Dental calculus | ||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
*Anorexia | *Anorexia | ||
| − | '''Diagnosis''' is made based on the animal's history, a [[Lizard Physical Examination|physical examination]], culture (the oral flora becomes predominantly anaerobic and spirochaetes can be found) and radiology. | + | '''Diagnosis''' is made based on the animal's history, a [[Lizard Physical Examination|physical examination]], culture (the oral flora becomes predominantly anaerobic and spirochaetes can be found) and [[Lizard and Snake Imaging|radiology]]. |
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| + | '''Treatment''' consists of the appropriate dental treatment, including a thorough oral examination under general [[Lizard and Snake Anaesthesia|anaesthesia]], and the appropriate systemic antibiotics. The calculus should be removed and the gingival sulci cleaned; the mouth should be irrigated with as 0.05% chlorhexadine solution. Improving the [[Reptile Diet Composition|diet]] (adequate textures and consistencies) and environment is the most efficient '''prevention''' method. | ||
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| + | ==Literature Search== | ||
| + | [[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]] | ||
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| + | Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CAB Abstracts (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation). | ||
| + | <br><br><br> | ||
| + | [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=((title:(periodontal)+OR+ab:(periodontal)))+AND+((((title:(lizard)+OR+ab:(lizard)+OR+od:(lizards))))) Lizard Periodontal Disease publications] | ||
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| + | [http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2006/20063121841.pdf '''Management of periodontal disease in lizards.''' Stahl, S. J.; The North American Veterinary Conference, Gainesville, USA, Small animal and exotics. Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Volume 20, Orlando, Florida, USA, 7-11 January, 2006, 2006, pp 1671-1672, 2 ref. - '''Full Text Article'''] | ||
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[[Category:Lizard_Gastrointestinal_Diseases|P]] | [[Category:Lizard_Gastrointestinal_Diseases|P]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:14, 4 November 2010
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This article has been peer reviewed but is awaiting expert review. If you would like to help with this, please see more information about expert reviewing. |
Periodontal disease is common in lizards, especially chameleons and agamids. Periodontal disease is a significant cause of morbidity in captive lizards that have been fed an inappropriate diet (i.e. soft, wet, often overly fruitbased diet). A natural diet with adequate texture will prevent plaque buidup on teeth and keep bacteria from colonising. However when tartar accumulates, it causes an inflammatory response and periodontal disease eventually occurs. Osteomyelitis (focal or multifocal) of the mandible or maxilla may be the final outcome. This disease is more common in species with acrodont dentition. It is also often mistaken for stomatitis.
Clinical signs include:
- Facial swelling of the maxillae or mandible
- Dental tartar
- Gingivitis (gingival erythema)
- Loosening or loss of teeth
- Dental calculus
- Hyperplasia
- Recedence
- Mouth gaping
- Anorexia
Diagnosis is made based on the animal's history, a physical examination, culture (the oral flora becomes predominantly anaerobic and spirochaetes can be found) and radiology.
Treatment consists of the appropriate dental treatment, including a thorough oral examination under general anaesthesia, and the appropriate systemic antibiotics. The calculus should be removed and the gingival sulci cleaned; the mouth should be irrigated with as 0.05% chlorhexadine solution. Improving the diet (adequate textures and consistencies) and environment is the most efficient prevention method.
Literature Search
Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CAB Abstracts (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation).
Lizard Periodontal Disease publications