Difference between revisions of "Actinobacillus species"

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<big><center>[[Infectious agents and parasites|'''BACK TO INFECTIOUS AGENTS AND PARASITES''']]</center></big>
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#REDIRECT[[:Category:Actinobacillus species]]
<big><center>[[Bacteria|'''BACK TO BACTERIA''']]</center></big>
 
 
 
* Cause [[Peritoneal cavity - inflammatory#In horses|peritonitis in horses]]
 
* ''A. pleuropneumoniae'' causes [[Bacterial infections#Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae|pneumonia]] in pigs
 
* Cause [[General Pathology - Chronic Inflammation#Granulomatous Inflammation|granulomatous inflammation]].
 
** E.g. ''Actinobacillus lignieresii'' causes wooden tongue in cattle -> [[Muscles - inflammatory#Wooden tongue|myositis]]
 
*''A. equuli'' in [[Joints - inflammatory#In Horses|arthritis of horses]]
 
 
 
===Overview===
 
 
 
 
 
===''Actinobacillus'' characteristics===
 
 
 
*Small Gram negative coccobacilli
 
*Oxidase negative
 
*Do not grow on MacConkey
 
 
 
 
 
===''Actinobacillus lignieresii''===
 
 
 
*Commensal in the mouth of sheep and cattle
 
*Penetrates damaged mucosa to cause a granuloma, a condition known as Actinobacillosis
 
*Enodogenous, sporadic and chronic infection
 
*Lesions in the tongue, cheek, lips and sometimes in the lower gut and lungs from aspiration
 
*Often spreads from the site of infection to lymphatics
 
*Formation of fibrous tissue in the lesions lead to hardening of the tissue, hence the condition is known as 'wooden tongue' in cattle
 
*In sheep abscesses with thick walls are produced
 
*Feeding is impaired, causing loss of condition
 
*Recovery with antibiotics
 
 
 
 
 
===''Actinobacillus equuli''===
 
 
 
*Commensal of the equine intestinal mucosa
 
*Infection at birth causes severe enteritis and septicaemia within 24 hours, known as sleepy foal disease
 
*In foals that survive neonatal infection the condition progresses to cause joint infections and purulent nephritis
 
*RTX group cytotoxin present
 
 
 
 
 
===''Actinobacillus suis''===
 
 
 
*Fatal septicaemia in pigs 1-8 weeks old
 
*Causes abscesses in joints and lungs of older pigs
 
*Carried in the nasopharynx of pigs and nose of horses
 
*Carriage may confer immunity to the more severe pleuropneumonia
 
 
 
 
 
===''Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae''===
 
 
 
*Contagious porcine pleuropneumonia
 
*Endemic in UK
 
*Most strains are NAD-dependent (grow on Heated Blood agar)
 
*Positive CAMP reaction
 
*12 serotypes causing the same disease
 
*Different serotypes in different regions, with serotypes 3,6 and 8 the most common in the UK
 
*
 

Latest revision as of 11:12, 10 May 2010